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Role of Radiological Assessment and Intervention in Pediatric Dialysis

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Pediatric Dialysis

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Abstract

Children on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis frequently need radiological assessment of dialysis access placement and patency. In many cases, radiological interventions can assist with the creation and maintenance of dialysis access. For these purposes, contrast media facilitate the interpretation of medical imaging by increasing the differences seen between body tissues displayed on the images. The contrast media used in diagnostic imaging and interventions have evolved over the decades. This chapter discusses the different roles that radiologic assessment and interventions, via contrast agents, play in dialysis, along with the current challenges.

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Abbreviations

ACR:

American College of Radiology

CAPD:

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

CIN:

Contrast-induced nephropathy

CT:

Computed tomography

ESRD:

End-stage renal disease

GBCA:

Gadolinium-based contrast agents

Gd:

Gadolinium

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

HD:

Hemodialysis

HOCM:

High-osmolar contrast media

IOCM:

Iso-osmolar contrast media

LOCM:

Low-osmolar contrast media

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

NSF:

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

PD:

Peritoneal dialysis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Hypertension and Pheresis, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA

    Vikas R. Dharnidharka

  2. Department of Radiology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Douglas C. Rivard

Authors
  1. Vikas R. Dharnidharka
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  2. Douglas C. Rivard
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Correspondence to Vikas R. Dharnidharka .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Bradley A. Warady

  2. Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Steven R. Alexander

  3. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Franz Schaefer

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Dharnidharka, V.R., Rivard, D.C. (2021). Role of Radiological Assessment and Intervention in Pediatric Dialysis. In: Warady, B.A., Alexander, S.R., Schaefer, F. (eds) Pediatric Dialysis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66861-7_37

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