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White Rot Fungi and Their Enzymes for the Treatment of Industrial Dye Effluents

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Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

The major thrust of scientific research is pollution control due to increased discharge and improper management of industrial wastes, especially textile industries. Textile industry is one of the major industries, which uses many xenobiotics as dyes and releases several undesirable pollutants into the environment. A wide variety of dyes were used in the textile industry, which are complex structured and constitute the largest group among the recalcitrant xenobiotics. Due to lower degree of dye fixation to fabrics, more than 10% of the dyes goes into wastewater and released into the environment unaltered. Dye removal can be done with physical and physicochemical methods, but these methods are expensive and require operation expertise. Complete breakdown of the dye molecules is the desired outcome and that is possible with biological means. Decolourization with biological means has gained great attention, and many researchers suggested several biotechnological approaches for combating the textile pollution. Many bacteria are having enzymes for complete degradation of the azodyes, but it needs alterations in the process. Recently, fungal decolourization, especially white rot fungi, is gaining importance, and these fungi are capable of producing one or more extracellular, non-specific, non-selective enzymes which can able to degrade a wide range of xenobiotics. The white rot fungal enzymes are mainly composed of lignin peroxidase, manganese-dependent peroxidases, laccases and hydrogen peroxide-producing peroxidases. They are the most efficient microorganisms degrading textile dyes, which are structurally different and complex. White rot fungal enzymes and its degradation abilities to remove synthetic dyes from textile wastewater are compiled in this chapter.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to the Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, for providing laboratory facilities. The authors extend their gratitude to Mrs. P. Divya and Mr. P. Sivasamy for providing textile wastes-related data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India

    Dhevagi Periasamy, Sudhakarn Mani & Ramya Ambikapathi

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  1. Dhevagi Periasamy
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  2. Sudhakarn Mani
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  3. Ramya Ambikapathi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav

  2. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sangram Singh

  3. Biotech Park, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shashank Mishra

  4. Department of Zoology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Arti Gupta

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Periasamy, D., Mani, S., Ambikapathi, R. (2019). White Rot Fungi and Their Enzymes for the Treatment of Industrial Dye Effluents. In: Yadav, A., Singh, S., Mishra, S., Gupta, A. (eds) Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25506-0_4

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