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The Role of Potassium Ions in the Control of Heart Function

  • Chapter
Ion Channels and Ion Pumps

Part of the book series: Endocrinology and Metabolism ((EAM,volume 6))

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Abstract

The rhythmic contractions of the heart are controlled by periodic changes of the membrane potential (Em) of cardiac myocytes, called action potentials. The cardiac action potential consists of five phases. Phase 0, which lasts only a few milliseconds, is the time of rapid depolarization. A short and small repolarization (phase 1) is followed by a long (about 100 to 400 ms) plateau at a depolarized level (phase 2). The repolarization of the plateau potential is called phase 3. The final phase 4 continues to the next rapid depolarization. The action potential is the result of a concerted action of inward (depolarizing) and outward (hyperpolar-izing) ionic currents. The outward component is carried by K+ ions through potassium-permeable transmembrane proteins, the potassium channels.

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  1. Fritz Markwardt
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  1. 48323, 2104 Rhine Road, West Bloomfield, MI, USA

    Piero P. Foà M.D., Sc.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  2. Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA

    Piero P. Foà M.D., Sc.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  3. Section of Endocrinology,Department of Internal Medicine,School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA

    Mary F. Walsh Ph.D. (Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)

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Markwardt, F. (2002). The Role of Potassium Ions in the Control of Heart Function. In: Foà, P.P., Walsh, M.F. (eds) Ion Channels and Ion Pumps. Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2596-6_15

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