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Role of Mechanical Stimulations in Directing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Adipogenesis

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The Mechanobiology of Obesity and Related Diseases

Part of the book series: Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials ((SMTEB,volume 16))

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Abstract

An increased recruitment of new preadipocytes from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sources to form adipocytes and deposit adipose tissue is one of the features of obesity. In this chapter, the role of mechanical extracellular environments in directing MSC adipogenic commitment and differentiation will be reviewed. It was recently highlighted that adipose cells and their precursor cells, including MSCs, are exposed in vivo to complex mechanical stimulations. Further, studies proposed that adipose cells are ‘mechanically sensitive and responsive’, which is a characteristic of traditionally well-established mechanoresponsive cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myoblasts, etc. While it is still in the early stage of ‘adipocyte mechanotransduction’ research, this chapter will review the data reported on the control of MSC fate decision to adipogenesis via utilizing mechanical cell stimulations (stretch, compression, fluid flow) and also via static mechanophysical signals from the cell culture substrate. Also, comparison of MSC adipogenesis with the osteogenesis, as attempted in many of these studies, will be reviewed. Determining extracellular mechanophysical conditions optimal to inhibit the MSC adipogenesis and revealing underlying molecular mechanistic pathways may significantly advance the strategy to deal with obesity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA

    Hillary Stoll

  2. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA

    Jung Yul Lim

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  1. Hillary Stoll
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  2. Jung Yul Lim
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Correspondence to Jung Yul Lim .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Amit Gefen

  2. Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel

    Dafna Benayahu

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Stoll, H., Lim, J.Y. (2013). Role of Mechanical Stimulations in Directing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Adipogenesis. In: Gefen, A., Benayahu, D. (eds) The Mechanobiology of Obesity and Related Diseases. Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, vol 16. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/8415_2013_173

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/8415_2013_173

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-09335-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-09336-9

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