Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Forging a New Alliance Between Succession and Restoration

  • Chapter
Linking Restoration and Ecological Succession

Part of the book series: SPRINGER SERIES ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ((SSEM))

Abstract

Howdoes succession take place, after all, and what are the adaptive cycles, if any, and the feedback systems, assembly rules and other inherent functional, evolutionary or simply dynamic mechanisms that make ecosystems develop and interact in one way or another? If we can sort these questions out—biome by biome—then we will unquestionably be better placed to predict how much time, energy and capital of all sorts will be required, or should be allocated, to ecological restoration and rehabilitation. (Aronson and van Andel 2006)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aradottir, A. L., and Eysteinsson, T. 2004. Restoration of birch woodlands in Iceland. In: Restoration of Boreal and Temperate Forests. J. Stanturf and P. Madsen (eds.). Boca Raton: CRC/Lewis, pp. 195–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aronson, J., and van Andel, J. 2006. Challenges for ecological theory. In: Restoration Ecology. J. van Andel and J. Aronson (eds.). Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell, pp. 223–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aronson, J., Floret, C., LeFloc'h, E, Ovalle, C., and Pontanier, R. 1993. Restoration and rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems in arid and semiarid regions. I. A view from the South. Restoration Ecology 1:8–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bardgett, R. D., Bowman, W. D., Kaufman, R., and Schmidt, S. K. 2005. A temporal approach to linking aboveground and belowground ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20:634–641.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, J. G., Fagan, W. F., Schade, J. D., and Crisafulli, C. M. 2005. Causes and consequences of herbivory on prairie lupine (Lupinus lepidus) in early primary succession. In: Ecological Responses to the 1980 Eruption of Mount St. Helens. V. H. Dale, F. J. Swanson, and C. M. Crisafulli (eds.). New York: Springer, pp. 151–161.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bolling, J. D., and Walker, L. R. 2000. Plant and soil recovery along a series of abandoned desert roads. Journal of Arid Environments 46:1–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, A. D. 1952. Populations of Agrostis tenuis resistant to lead and zinc poisoning. Nature 169:1098.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, A. D., and Chadwick, M. J. 1980. The Restoration of Land: The Ecology and Reclamation of Derelict and Degraded Land. Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bronstein, J. L. 1994. Conditional outcomes in mutualistic interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9:214–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruno, J. F. 2000. Facilitation of cobble beach plant communities through habitat modification by Spartina alterniflora. Ecology 81:1179–1192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruno, J. F., Stachowicz, J. J., and Bertness, M. D. 2003. Inclusion of facilitation into ecological theory. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18:119–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, J. (ed.). 1980. The Recovery Process in Damaged Ecosystems. Ann Arbor, MI: Ann Arbor Science Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, J., and Heckman, J. R. 1996. Restoration ecology: The state of an emerging field. Annual Review of Energy and Environment 21:167–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Callaway, R. M., and Walker, L. R. 1997. Competition and facilitation: A synthetic approach to interactions in plant communities. Ecology 78:1958–1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapin, F. S., III., Walker, L. R., Fastie, C. L., and Sharman, L. C. 1994. Mechanisms of primary succession following deglaciation at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecological Monographs 64:149–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Claasen, V. P., and Hogan, M. P. 2002. Soil nitrogen pools associated with revegetation of disturbed sites in the Lake Tahoe area. Restoration Ecology 10:195–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clements, F. E. 1916. Plant Succession: An Analysis of the Development of Vegetation. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clements, F. E. 1928. Plant Succession and Indicators. New York: H.W. Wilson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cody, M. 2000. Slow-motion population dynamics in Mojave Desert perennial plants. Journal of Vegetation Science 11:351–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Connell, J. H., and Slatyer, R. O. 1977. Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their roles in community stability and organization. The American Naturalist 111:1119–1144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, J. A. 1999. Mining. In: Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground. L. Walker (ed.). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, pp. 365–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbin, J. D., and D'Antonio, C. M. 2004. Competition between native perennial and exotic annual grasses: Implications for an historical invasion. Ecology 85:1273–1283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costanza, R., Norton, B. G., and Haskell, B. D. 1992. Ecosystem Health: New Goals for Environmental Management. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowles, H. C. 1899. The ecological relations of the vegetation on the sand dunes of Lake Michigan. 1. Geographical relations of the dune flora. Botanical Gazette 27:95–117, 167–202, 281–308, 361–391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cowles, H. C. 1901. The physiographic ecology of Chicago and vicinity: A study of the origin, development, and classification of plant societies. Botanical Gazette 31:73–108, 145–182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crews, T., Kitayama, K, Fownes, J., Riley, R. Herbert, D., Mueller-Dombois, D., and Vitousek, P. 1995. Changes in soil phosphorus fractions and ecosystem dynamics across a long chronosequence in Hawaii. Ecology 76:1407–1424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daehler, C. C., and Goergen, E. M. 2005. Experimental restoration of an indigenous Hawaiian grassland after invasion by Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris). Restoration Ecology 13:380–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, D. W. 1993. The effects of herbivory and granivory on terrestrial plant succession. Oikos 68:23–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, M. A., Pergl, J., Truscott, A.-M., Kollmann, J., Bakker, J. P., Domenech, R., Prach, K., Prieur-Richard, A.-H., Veeneklaas, R. M., Pyšek, P., del Moral, R., Hobbs, R. J., Collins, S. L., Pickett, S. T. A., and Reich, P. B. 2005. Vegetation change: A reunifying concept in plant ecology. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 7:69–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Deyn, G. B., Raaijmakers, C. E., and Van der Putten, W. H. 2004. Plant community development is affected by nutrients and soil biota. Journal of Ecology 92:824–834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Deyn, G. B., Raaijmakers, C. E., Zoomer, H. R., Ber, M. P., de Ruiter, P. C., Verhoef, H. A., Bezemer, T. M., and van der Putten, W. H. 2003. Soil invertebrate fauna enhances grassland succession and diversity. Nature 422:711–713.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • del Moral, R., and Jones, C. C. 2002. Early spatial development of vegetation on pumice at Mount St. Helens. Plant Ecology 161:9–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Densmore, R. V. 1992. Succession on an Alaskan tundra disturbance with and without assisted revegetation with grass. Arctic and Alpine Research 24:238–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Densmore, R. V. 1994. Succession on regraded placer mine spoil in Alaska, USA, in relation to initial site characteristics. Arctic and Alpine Research 26:354–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobson, A. P., Bradshaw, A. D., and Baker, A. J. M. 1997. Hopes for the future: Restoration ecology and conservation biology. Science 277:515–522.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drake, D. R. 1998. Relationships among the seed rain, seed bank and vegetation of a Hawaiian forest. Journal of Vegetation Science 9:103–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drury, W. H., and Nisbet, I. C. T. 1973. Succession. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 54:1147–1164.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fagan, W. F., and Bishop, J. G. 2000. Trophic interactions during primary succession: Herbivores slow a plant reinvasion at Mount St. Helens. The American Naturalist 155:238–251.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Flores-Martinez, A., Ezcurra, E., and Sanchez-Colon, S. 1994. Effect of Neobuxbaumia tetetzo on growth and fecundity of its nurse plant Mimosa luisana. Journal of Ecology 82:325–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, O. L., and Anderson, P. 1998. Habitat Creation and Repair. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gleason, H. A. 1926. The individualistic concept of the plant association. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 53:7–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glenn-Lewin, D. C., Peet, R. K., and Veblen, T. T. (eds.). 1992. Plant Succession: Theory and Prediction. London: Chapman and Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunn, R. H., and Richardson, P. D. 1979. The nature and possible origins of soluble salts in deeply weathered landscapes in eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Soil Research 17: 197–215.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hedin, L. O., Vitousek, P. M., and Matson, P. A. 2003. Nutrient losses over four million years of tropical forest development. Ecology 84:2231–2255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hobbs, R. J. 2005. The future of restoration ecology: Challenges and opportunities. Restoration Ecology 13:239–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hobbs, R. J., and Norton, D. A. 1996. Towards a conceptual framework for restoration ecology. Restoration Ecology 4:93–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holl, K. D., Crone, E. E., and Schultz, C. B. 2003. Landscape restoration: Moving from generalities to methodologies. BioScience 53:491–502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmgren, M., Scheffer, M., and Huston, M. A. 1997. The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communities. Ecology 78:1966–1975.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huston, M., and Smith, T. 1987. Plant succession: Life history and competition. The American Naturalist 130:168–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, W. R., Gilpin, M. E., and Aber, J. D. 1987. Restoration Ecology: A SyntheticApproach to Ecological Research. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keever, C. 1950. Causes of succession on old fields of the piedmont, North Carolina. Ecological Monographs 20:230–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leopold, A. 1949. A Sand County Almanac. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leroy, E. C., Hobbs, R. J., O'Connor, M. H., and Pate, J. S. 1999. Agriculture as a mimic of natural systems. Agroforestry Systems 45(Special Issue):1–446.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luken, J. O. 1990. Directing Ecological Succession. London: Chapman and Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marquez, V. J., and Allen, E. B. 1996. Ineffectiveness of two annual legumes as nurse plants for establishment of Artemisia californica in coastal sage scrub. Restoration Ecology 4:42–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGlone, M. 1996. When history matters: Scale, time climate and tree diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 5:309–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, R. P. 1985. The Background of Ecology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, R. P. 1999. The succession of succession: A lexical chronology. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 80:256–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • McVicar, T. R., Rui, L., Walker, J., Fitzpatrick, R. W., and Changming, L. (eds.). 2002. Regional Water and Soil Assessment for Managing Sustainable Agriculture in China and Australia. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordstrom, K. F., Lampe, R., and Vandemark, L. M. 2000. Reestablishing naturally functioning dunes on developed coasts. Environmental Management 25:37–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Odum, E. P. 1969. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science 164:262–270.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, M. A., Ambrose, R. F., and Poff, N. L. 1997. Ecological theory and community restoration ecology. Restoration Ecology 5:291–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pandey, A. N., and Singh, J. S. 1985. Mechanism of ecosystem recovery: A case study from Kumaun Himalaya. Recreation and Revegetation Research 3:271–292.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pärtel, M., Kalamees, R., Zobel, M., and Rosen, E. 1998. Restoration of species-rich limestone grassland communities from overgrown land: The importance of propagule availability. Ecological Engineering 10:275–286.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pickett, S. T. A. 1989. Space-for-time substitutions as an alternative to long-term studies. In: Long-term Studies in Ecology. G. E. Likens (ed.). New York: Springer, pp. 110–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickett, S. T. A., Collins, S. L., and Armesto, J. J. 1987. A hierarchical consideration of causes and mechanisms of succession. Vegetatio 69:109–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, E. A. 1992. Life history, reproductive biology, and conservation of the Mauna Kea silversword, Argyroxiphium sandwicense DC (Asteraceae), an endangered plant of Hawaii. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Hawaii, Manoa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prach, K. 1994. Succession of woody species in derelict sites in central Europe. Ecological Engineering 3:49–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramensky, L. G. 1924. Basic regularities of vegetation covers and their study. (In Russian) Vestnik Opytnogo dêla Strende-Chernoz. Ob. Voronezh, 37–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinhart, K. O., Greene, E., and Callaway, R. M. 2005. Effects of Acer platanoides invasion on understory plant communities and tree regeneration in the northern Rocky Mountains. Ecography 28:573–582.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, G. R., and Handel, S. N. 2000. Directing spatial patterns of recruitment during an experimental urban woodland reclamation. Ecological Applications 10:174–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rui, L., Liu, G., Xie, Y., Qinke, Y., and Liang, Y. 2002. Ecosystem rehabilitation on the Loess Plateau. In: Regional Water and Soil Assessment for Managing Sustainable Agriculture in China and Australia. T. R. McVicar, L. Rui, J. Walker, R. W. Fitzpatrick, and L. Changming (eds.). Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, pp. 358–365.

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell, J. S., and Isbell, R. F. (eds.). 1986. Australian Soils: The Human Impact. St. Lucia: University of Queensland Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samuels, C. L., and Drake, J. A. 1997. Divergent perspectives on community convergence. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12:427–432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheley, R. L., and Krueger-Mangold, J. 2003. Principles for restoring invasive plant-infested rangeland. Weed Science 51:260–265.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shiels, A. B., and Walker, L. R. 2003. Bird perches increase forest seeds on Puerto Rican landslides. Restoration Ecology 11:457–465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shugart, H. H., and West, D.C. 1980. Forest succession modeling. BioScience 30:308–313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sukopp, H. 2004. Human-caused impact on preserved vegetation. Landscape and Urban Planning 68:347–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukopp, H., and Starfinger, U. 1999. Disturbance in urban ecosystems. In: Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground. L. R. Walker (ed.). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, pp. 397–412.

    Google Scholar 

  • Temperton, V. M., Hobbs, R. J., Nuttle, T., and Halle, S. (eds.). 2004. Assembly Rules and Restoration Ecology. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Andel, J., and Aronson, J. (eds.). 2006. Restoration Ecology. Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Diggelen, R. 2006. Landscape: Spatial interactions. In: Restoration Ecology. J. van Andel and J. Aronson (ed.). Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell, pp. 31–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wackernagel, M., and Rees, W. 1996. Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth. Gabriola Island: New Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wali, M. K. (ed.). 1992. Ecosystem Rehabilitation. The Hague: SPB Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, J., and Reuter, D. J. 1996. Indicators of Catchment Health: A Technical Perspective. Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, J., Sharpe, P. J. H., Penridge, L. K., and Wu, H. 1989. Ecological field theory: The concept and field tests. Vegetatio 83:81–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, J., Thompson, C. H., Fergus, I. F., and Tunstall, B. R. 1981. Plant succession and soil development in coastal sand dunes of subtropical eastern Australia. In: Forest Succession, Concepts and Application. D. C. West, H. H. Shugart, and D. B. Botkin (eds.). New York: Springer, pp. 107–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, J., Thompson, C. H., Reddell, P., and Rapport, D. J. 2001. The importance of landscape age in influencing landscape health. Ecosystem Health 7:7–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. R. 2005. Restoring soil and ecosystem processes. In: Forest Restoration in Landscapes: Beyond Planting Trees. S. Mansourian, D. Vallauri, and N. Dudley (eds.). New York: Springer, pp. 192–196.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. R., and Chapin, F. S., III. 1987. Interactions among processes controlling successional change. Oikos 50:131–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. R., and del Moral, R. 2003. Primary Succession and Ecosystem Rehabilitation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. R., Clarkson, B. D., Silvester, W. B., and Clarkson, B. R. 2003. Colonization dynamics and facilitative impacts of a nitrogen-fixing shrub in primary succession. Journal of Vegetation Science 14:277–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. R., Zarin, D. J., Fetcher, N., Myster, R. W., and Johnson, A. H. 1996. Ecosystem development and plant succession on landslides in the Caribbean. Biotropica 28:566–576.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, T. W., and Syers, J. K. 1976. The fate of phosphorus during pedogenesis. Geoderma 15:1–19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wardle, D. A., Walker, L. R., and Bardgett, R. D. 2004. Ecosystem properties and forest decline in contrasting long-term chronosequences. Science 305:509–513.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warming, E. 1895. Plantesamfund: Grunträk af den Ökologiska Plantegeografi. Copenhagen: Philipsen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, B.G., Walker, J., and Tane, H. 2001. Drier landscapes and rising water tables: An ecohydrological paradox. Natural Resource Management 4:10–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, S. D. 1999. Plant interactions during secondary succession. In: Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground. L. R. Walker (ed.). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, pp. 611–632.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, T. P., Petersen, D. A., and Clary, J. J. 2005. The ecology of restoration: Historical links, emerging issues and unexplored realms. Ecology Letters 8:662–673.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zedler, J. B. 2005. Ecological restoration: Guidance from theory. San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science 3(2):31. http://repositories.cdlib.org/cgi/viewcont.cgi? article=1032/&context=jmie/sfews

    Google Scholar 

  • Zedler, J. B., and Callaway, J. C. 2003. Adaptive restoration: A strategic approach for integrating research into restoration projects. In: Managing for Healthy Ecosystems. D. J. Rappaport, W. L. Lasley, D. E. Rolston, N. O. Nielsen, C. O. Qualset, and A. B. Damania (eds.). Boca Raton: Lewis, pp. 167–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zougmore, R., Zida, Z., and Kambou, N. F. 2003. Role of nutrient amendments in the success of half-moon soil and water conservation practice in semiarid Burkina Faso. Soil and Tillage Research 71:143–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Lawrence R. R. Walker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Joe Walker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Roger del Moral
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154

    Lawrence R. Walker

  2. CSIRO Land and Water, 1666, Canberra ACT 2611, Australia

    Joe Walker

  3. School of Environmental Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, WA, Australia

    Richard J. Hobbs

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Walker, L.R., Walker, J., Moral, R. (2007). Forging a New Alliance Between Succession and Restoration. In: Walker, L.R., Walker, J., Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Linking Restoration and Ecological Succession. SPRINGER SERIES ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35303-6_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation