Abstract
The ability to respond to magnetic fields is ubiquitous among the five kingdoms of organisms. Apart from the mechanisms that are at work in bacterial magnetotaxis, none of the innumerable magnetobiological effects are as yet completely understood in terms of their underlying physical principles. Physical theories on magnetoreception, which draw on classical electrodynamics as well as on quantum electrodynamics, have greatly advanced during the past twenty years, and provide a basis for biological experimentation. This review places major emphasis on theories, and magnetobiological effects that occur in response to weak and moderate magnetic fields, and that are not related to magnetotaxis and magnetosomes. While knowledge relating to bacterial magnetotaxis has advanced considerably during the past 27 years, the biology of other magnetic effects has remained largely on a phenomenological level, a fact that is partly due to a lack of model organisms and model responses; and in great part also to the circumstance that the biological community at large takes little notice of the field, and in particular of the available physical theories. We review the known magnetobiological effects for bacteria, protists and fungi, and try to show how the variegated empirical material could be approached in the framework of the available physical models.
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Abbreviations
- B:
-
magnetic flux density (magnetic induction)
- BAC:
-
alternating magnetic field (generated by alternating current)
- BDC:
-
static magnetic field (generated by directed current)
- CD:
-
coherent domain
- ELF:
-
extremely low frequency (i.e. magnetic field, ∼3–300 Hz)
- EMF:
-
electromagnetic field
- H:
-
magnetic field strength
- IIM:
-
ion interference mechanism
- ISC:
-
intersystem crossing
- ICR:
-
ion cyclotron resonance
- IPR:
-
ion parametric resonance
- LF:
-
low frequency (i.e. magnetic field)
- MF:
-
magnetic field
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Pazur, A., Schimek, C. & Galland, P. Magnetoreception in microorganisms and fungi. cent.eur.j.biol. 2, 597–659 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-007-0032-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-007-0032-z