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Magnetoreception in plants

  • Current Topics in Plant Research
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Abstract

This article reviews phenomena of magnetoreception in plants and provides a survey of the relevant literature over the past 80 years. Plants react in a multitude of ways to geomagnetic fields—strong continuous fields as well as alternating magnetic fields. In the past, physiological investigations were pursued in a somewhat unsystematic manner and no biological advantage of any magnetoresponse is immediately obvious. As a result, most studies remain largely on a phenomenological level and are in general characterised by a lack of mechanistic insight, despite the fact that physics provides several theories that serve as paradigms for magnetoreception. Beside ferrimagnetism, which is well proved for bacterial magnetotaxis and for some cases of animal navigation, two further mechanisms for magnetoreception are currently receiving major attention: (1) the “radical-pair mechanism” consisting of the modulation of singlet–triplet interconversion rates of a radical pair by weak magnetic fields, and (2) the “ion cyclotron resonance” mechanism. The latter mechanism centres around the fact that ions should circulate in a plane perpendicular to an external magnetic field with their Lamor frequencies, which can interfere with an alternating electromagnetic field. Both mechanisms provide a theoretical framework for future model-guided investigations in the realm of plant magnetoreception.

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Abbreviations

B:

Magnetic flux density

BAC:

Alternating magnetic field (generated by alternating current)

BDC:

Static magnetic field (generated by directed current)

ELF:

Extremely low frequency (i.e. magnetic field)

EMF:

Electromagnetic field

ISC:

Intersystem crossing

ICR:

Ion-cyclotron resonance

IPR:

Ion-parametric resonance

LF:

Low frequency (i.e. magnetic field)

QED:

Quantum electrodynamics

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  1. Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany

    Paul Galland

  2. Department of Biology I, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Alexander Pazur

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Galland, P., Pazur, A. Magnetoreception in plants. J Plant Res 118, 371–389 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-005-0246-y

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