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New Insights in Dermatophytes: Microsporum spp. and Nannizzia spp.

  • Tropical Mycoses (L Martinez, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Species of the Microsporum and Nannizzia complexes are some of the etiological agents of dermatophytosis, an important cutaneous infection that affects humans and other mammals and whose incidence is increasing worldwide. This article aims to review the pertinent knowledge about dermatophytosis, specifically with these etiological agents.

Recent Findings

The immunological mechanisms involved in the prevention and control of these infections are not fully understood. Many reports suggest that the mammalian immune system evolved with the interaction of these pathogens, and the infection depends directly on the virulence of the strain, geographic location, and environmental resources. As virulence factors, thermotolerance, melanin production, and cell wall components stand out. Treatment for dermatophytosis includes the use of topical or systemic drugs.

Summary

These fungi present an increasing risk in human health care; studies in physiology, genetics and biochemistry, pathology of dermatophytosis, and immune response are essential for the development of new diagnostic measures, treatment protocols, and prevention strategies.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Brazilian agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).

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  1. Laboratório de Biofísica de Fungos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 21941-902, Brazil

    Dario Corrêa Junior, Mariana Lucy Mesquita Ramos & Susana Frases

  2. Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Rodrigo Almeida-Paes

  3. Rede Micologia RJ - FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Rodrigo Almeida-Paes & Susana Frases

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  1. Dario Corrêa Junior
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  2. Mariana Lucy Mesquita Ramos
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  3. Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
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Correspondence to Susana Frases.

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Junior, D.C., Ramos, M.L.M., Almeida-Paes, R. et al. New Insights in Dermatophytes: Microsporum spp. and Nannizzia spp.. Curr Trop Med Rep 9, 15–27 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40475-022-00252-x

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