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Haloalkaliphilic Bacillus species from solar salterns: an ideal prokaryote for bioprospecting studies

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Abstract

Bioprospecting is an umbrella term describing the process of search and discovery of commercially valuable new products from biological sources in plants, animals, and microorganisms. In a way, bioprospecting includes the exploitative appropriation of indigenous forms of knowledge by commercial actors, as well as the search for previously unknown compounds in organisms that have never been used in traditional ways. These resources may be used in industrial applications, environmental, biomedical, and biotechnological aspects. Bacillus species are one of the most studied organisms from different perspectives and diverse environments, namely for industrial and environmental applications owing to the adaptations and versatile molecules they produce. The ability of different species to ferment in the acid, neutral, and alkaline pH ranges, combined with the presence of thermophiles in the genus, has lead to the development of a variety of new commercial enzyme products with the desired temperature, pH activity, and stability properties to address a variety of specific applications. Unlike other microbial species Bacillus species have been isolated from different sources both natural and artificial sources some being extreme in nature, for bioprospecting studies to exploit them to fabricate novel biomolecules or functions. Solar salterns are among the least documented environments as a source of Bacillus species due to their unique nature comprising multiple extremities of varying degrees, namely temperature, pH, and minimal nutrients along with saturating salinity. Haloalkaliphilic Bacillus species are the group specifically adapted to grow optimally under moderate halophilic and alkaline conditions. Artificial solar salterns are not evenly established as a habitat because they are created and maintained by humans. Hence, the present paper makes an attempt to review the potential of haloalkaliphilic Bacillus species from manmade solar salterns for bioprospecting studies.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India for their support and encouragement.

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, AP, India, 517 502

    Syed Shameer

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Shameer, S. Haloalkaliphilic Bacillus species from solar salterns: an ideal prokaryote for bioprospecting studies. Ann Microbiol 66, 1315–1327 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-016-1221-7

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