Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

The Effects of Location on Firm Innovation Capacity

  • Published:
Journal of the Knowledge Economy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This research seeks to ascertain the extent of the effects of location on the innovation capacities of companies across different industrial sectors. We thus answer the question: Does company location near an urban centre enable innovation capacities? This article argues that company location does wield an effect on innovation capacities, and it is therefore correspondingly relevant to fill this current gap in the literature. Based upon a sample of 884 companies, the econometric models estimated report location as a variable bearing influence on the innovative capacities prevailing in companies. Our results also confirm that the greater the geographic proximity of a company to urban centres, the greater their capacity to innovate. The study also enabled the identification of different levels and types of innovation in accordance with the respective company location.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexandersson, G. (1967). Geography of manufacturing. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alonso, W. (1964). Location and land use. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Amin, A., & Thrift, N. (1992). Neo-Marshallian nodes in global networks. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 16, 571–587.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arauzo, J. M., & Manjón, M. C. (2004). Firm size and geographical aggregation: an empirical appraisal in industrial location. Small Business Economics, 22, 299–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arauzo, J.M., & Viladecans, E. (2006). Industrial location at the Intra-Metropolitan Level: A negative binomial approach. Estudos de Economia Espanhola, 224, FEDEA.

  • Armbruster, H., Kirner, E., Lay, G., Szwejezewski, M., Corita, B., & Legvehemec, C. (2006). Patterns of organizational change in European Industry. Ways to strengthen the empirical basis of research and policy. DG Enterprise and Industry: innovation policy unit. Financial Report. Karlsruhe: Institute Systems and Innovation Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Armbruster, H., Bikfalvi, A., Kinkel, S., & Lay, G. (2008). Organizational innovation: the challenge of measuring non-technological innovation in large-scale surveys. Technovation, 28, 644–657.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asheim, B. (1995). Industrial districts as learning regions: a condition for prosperity? STEP Report No. 3. Oslo: STEP Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Audretsch, D. B., Klomp, L., Santarelli, E., & Thurik, A. R. (2004). Gibrat’s law: are the services different? Review of Industrial Organization, 24, 301–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Audretsch, D. B., Lehmann, E., & Warning, S. (2005). University spillovers and new firm location. Research Policy, 34, 1113–1122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Autant-Bernard, C., Mangematin, V., & Massard, N. (2006). Creation of biotech SMEs in France. Small Business Economics, 26, 173–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aydalot, P. (1986). Milieux Innovateursen Europe. Paris: GREMI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bale, J. (1976). The location of manufacturing industry. Edimburg: Oliver and Boyd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, T. (1987). Homo economicus, physical metaphors, and universal models in economic geography. The Canadian Geographer, 32, 347–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bathelt, H., Malmberg, A., & Maskel, P. (2004). Cluster and knowledge: local buzz, global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation. Progress in Human Geography, 28(1), 31–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becattini, G., & Rullani, E. (1996). Local systems and global connections: The role of knowledge. In F. Cossentino, F. Pyke, & W. Sengenberger (Eds.), Local and regional response to global pressure: the case of Italy and its industrial districts (1st ed., pp. 159–174). Geneva: International Institute of Labour Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J., Hamel, G., & Mol, J. (2008). Management innovation. Academy of Management Review, 33(4), 825–845.

  • Camacho, J. A., & Rodriguez, M. (2005). How innovative are services? An empirical analysis for Spain. Service Industries Journal, 25(2), 253–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron, A. C., & Trivedi, P. K. (2005). Microeconometrics—Methods and aplications (pp. 530–568). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Camisón, C., & Villar-Lopez, A. (2014). Organizational innovation as an enabler of technological innovation capabilities and firm performance. Journal of Business Research, 67(1), 2891–2902.

  • Capello, R. (2007). Regional economics. New York: Routledge.

  • Chapman, K., & Humphrys, G. (1987). Technical change and industrial policy. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, K., & Walker, D. (1987). Industrial location. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, C., & Hsiao, Y. (2013). The endogenous role of location choice in product innovations. Journal of World Business, 48(3), 360–372.

  • Christaller, W. (1933). Die ZentralenOrte in Südeuschland. Jena: Fisher.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, J., & Drejer, I. (2013). The strategic importance of location: location decisions and the effects of firm location on innovation and knowledge acquisition. European Planning Studies, 13(6), 807–814.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, L., & Walker, D. (1975). Locational dynamics of manufacturing activity. London: Willey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, P., Uranga, M., & Etxebarria, G. (1997). Regional innovation systems: institutional and organizational dimensions. Research Policy, 26, 475–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, P., Heidenreich, M., & Braczyk, H.-J. (2004). Regional systems of innovation. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, R. (1990). A multidimensional approach to the adoption of innovation. Management Decision, 36(8), 493–502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cossentino, F., Pyke, F., & Sengenberger, W. (1996). Local and regional response to global pressure: the case of Italy and its industrial districts. Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crevoisier, O. (2001) L’approche par les milieux innovateurs: e´tat des lieux et perspectives. Revue d’E´ conomie Re´gionale et Urbaine, 1, 135–166.

  • Crouch, C., Le Galés, P., Trogilia, C., & Voelzkow, H. (2001). Local production system in Europe: rise or demise? Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cucculelli, M., & Ermini, B. (2012). New product introduction and product tenure: what effects on firm growth? Research Policy, 41, 808–882.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das, S. (1995). Size, age and firm growth in an infant industry: the computer hardware industry in India. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 13, 111–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doloreux, D., & Dionne, S. (2008). Is regional innovation system development possible in peripheral regions? Some evidence from the case of La Pocatière, Canada. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development – An International Journal, 20(3), 259–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunne, P., & Hughes, A. (1994). Age, size, growth and survival: UK companies in the 1980. Journal of Industrial Economics, 42(2), 115–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elgen, J., Goottschalk, S., & Rammer, C. (2004). Location decisions of spin-offs from public research institutions. Industry and Innovation, 11(3), 207–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ermini, B. (2008). Capitaleumano, fontidifinanziamento esterno e crescitadellenuoveimpreseitaliane ad alta tecnologia. Studi Economici, 96, 73–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Estall, C., & Buchanan, R. (1980). Industrial activity and economic geography. London: Hutcinson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, A. (1973). The economics of residential location. London: Macmillan & Co.

  • Evans, D. S. (1987a). Tests of alternative theories of firm growth. Journal of Political Economy, 95, 657–674.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, D. S. (1987b). The relationship between firm growth, size, and age: estimates for 100 manufacturing industries. Journal of Industrial Economics, 35, 567–581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Felsenstein, D. (1996). High-technology firms and the metropolitan locational choice in Israel; a look at the determinants. Geografiska Annaler Series B, Human Geography, 78(1), 43–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, J., Marques, C., & Fernandes, C. (2010). Decision-making for location of new knowledge intensive businesses on ICT sector: Portuguese evidences. International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 1(1), 60–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, J., Raposo, M., & Fernandes, C. (2012). Does the KIBS innovativeness differ from other industries? Service Industries Journal, 1, 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Florida, R. (1995). Entrepreneurship, creativity and regional economic growth. In Z. Acs (Ed.), Entrepreneurship and regional development. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsman, H. (2011). Innovation capacity and innovation development in small enterprises. A comparison between the manufacturing and service sectors. Research Policy, 40(5), 739–750.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fosfuri, A., & Tribó, J. A. (2008). Exploring the antecedents of potential absorptive capacity and its impact on innovation performance. Omega, 36, 173–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fujita, M., Krugman, P., & Venables, A. (2000). The spatial economy: cities, regions and international trade. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galbraith, C. S. (1985). High-technology location and development: the case of Orange Country. Calif Manage Rev, 28(1), 98–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, B. H. (1987). The relationship between firm size and firm growth in the U.S. manufacturing sector. Journal of Industrial Economics, 35, 583–605.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, F. (1974). Spatial perspectives on industrial organization and decision making. London: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, F., & Linge, G. (1979). Spatial analysis, industry and industrial environment. Industrial systems. London: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrington, J. W., & Warf, B. (1995). Industrial location: principles, practice and policy. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hartshorne, R. (1928). Location factors in the iron and steel industry. Journal of Economic Geography, 4, 241–252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartshorne, R. (1929). The iron and steel industry of the United States. Journal of Economic Geography, 28, 133–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayter, R. (1997). The dynamics of industrial location: the factory, the firm and the production system. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • He, Z., & Wong, P. (2004). Exploration vs. exploitation: an empirical test of the ambidexterity hypothesis. Organization Science, 15(4), 481–494.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heshmati, A. (2001). On the growth of micro and small firms: evidence from Sweden. Small Business Economics, 17(3), 213–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoover, E. (1948). The location of economic activity. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howells, J., & Tether, B. S. (2004). Innovation in services: issues at stake and trends. Bussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isard, W. (1956). Location and the space economy. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, B., & Lööf, H. (2008). Innovation activities explained by firm attributes and location. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 17(6), 533–552.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jovanovic, B. (1982). Selection and evolution of industry. Econometrica, 50, 649–670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koc, T., & Ceylan, C. (2007). Factors impacting the innovative capacity in large-scale companies. Technovation, 27, 105–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koch, A., & Stahlecker, T. (2006). Regional innovation systems and foundation of knowledge intensive business services. European Planning Studies, 14(2), 123–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kostopoulos, K., Papalexandros, A., Papachroni, M., & Ioannou, G. (2011). Absorptive capacity, innovation, and financial performance. Journal of Business Research, 64, 1335–1343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krugman, P. (1991). Geography and trade. Leuven: Leuven University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lafuente, E., Vaillant, Y., & Serarols, C. (2010). Location decisions of knowledge-based entrepreneurs: why some Catalan KISAs choose to be rural? Technovation, 30, 590–600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Launhardt, W. (1882). Die Bestimmung des zweckma Èûigsten Standortseinergewerblichen Anlage, (Determining the optimal location of an industrial site). Zeitschrift des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, 26, 105–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorentzen, A. (2008). Knowledge networks in local and global space. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 20(6), 533–545.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lösch, A. (1954). The economics of location. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lotti, F., Santarelli, E., & Vivarelli, M. (2003). Does Gibrat’s law hold among young, small firms? Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 13, 213–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maillat, D. (1991). The innovation process and the role of the milieu. In E. Bergmann, G. Maier, & F. Tödtling (Eds.), Regions reconsidered: economic networks, innovation and local development in industrialised countries (pp. 103–117). London: Mansell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maillat D., Quevit M., & Senn L. (Eds.) (1993). Réseaux d’innovation et milieux innovateurs: un pari pour le dévloppement régional. Neuchâtel: EDES Editions de la Division économique et sociale Université de Neuchâtel Pierreà-Mazel.

  • Malecki, J. (1991). Technology and economic development. Harlow: Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malecki, E. (1997). Technology and economic development: the dynamics of local, regional and national competitiveness. London: Addison Wesley Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, A. (1890). Principles of economics. London: MaCmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R., & Sunley, P. (2003). Deconstructing clusters: chaotic concept or policy panacea? Journal of Economic Geography, 3, 5–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maskell, P., Eskelinen, H., Hannibalsson, I., Malmberg, A., & Vatne, E. (Eds.). (1998). Competitiveness, localised learning and regional development: specialisation and prosperity in small open economies. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massey, D. (1984). Spatial divisions of labour: social structures and the geography of production. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCann, P., & Sheppard, S. (2003). The rise, fall and rise again of industrial location theory. Regional Studies, 37(6-7), 649–663.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, M. (2003). Academic entrepreneurs or entrepreneurial academics? Research-based ventures and public support mechanisms. R&D Management, 33, 107–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, E. (1961). A geography of manufacturing. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills, E. (1970). Urban economics. Glenview: Scott Foresman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, R. K., Busenitz, L., Lant, T., McDougall, P. P., Morse, E. A., & Smith, J. B. (2002). Toward a theory of entrepreneurial cognition: rethinking the people side of entrepreneurship research. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 27(2), 93–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, K. (1997). The learning region: institutions, innovation and regional renewal. Regional Studies, 31(5), 491–503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moses, L. (1958). Location and the theory of production. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 72, 259–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muller, E. (2001). Innovation interactions between knowledge intensive business and small and medium-sized enterprises. Heidelberg: Physica-Velarg.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Muth, R. (1969). Cities and housing. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myrdal, G. (1957). Economic theory and underdeveloped regions. London: Duckworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, S. C. (2004). The economics of self-employment and entrepreneurship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pavitt, K. (1984). Sectoral patterns of technological change: towards a taxonomy and a theory. Research Policy, 13, 343–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perroux, F. (1950). Economic space: theory and applications. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 64, 89–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piore, M., & Sabel, C. (1984). The second industrial divide: possibilities for prosperity. New York: Basic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, M. (1998). Clusters and competition: new agendas for companies, government, and institutions. In M. Porter (Ed.), On competition (pp. 197–288). Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, M. E. (2003). The economic performance of regions. Regional Studies, 37, 549–578.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pyke, F., & Sengenberger, W. (1992). Industrial districts and local economic regeneration. Geneva: International Institute of Labour Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pyke, F., Becattini, G., & Sengenberger, W. (1992). Industrial districts and inter-firm co-operation in Italy (2nd ed.). Geneva: International Institute of Labour Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees, J., Hewings, G., & Stafford, A. (1981). Industrial location and regional systems. London: Croom Helm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricardo, D. (1817). On the principles of political economy and taxation. London: John Murray.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, E., & Berry, C. (1985). Entering new business: selecting strategies for success. Sloan Manage Rev, 26, 3–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenfeld, S. (2005). Industry clusters: business choice, policy outcome, or branding strategy? Journal of New Business Ideas and Trends, 3(2), 4–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, R. (2003). Knowledge and Innovation in regional industry—An entrepreneurial coalition. Studies in Global Competition Series, London: Routledge.

  • Sayer, A., & Walker, R. (1992). The new social economy: Reworking the division of labour. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, A. (1988). New industrial spaces: flexible production organization and regional development in North America and Western Europe. Volume 3, Studies in society and space. London: Pion.

  • Scott, A. (1998). Regions and the world economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, A., & Storper, M. (1981). Production, work, territory: the geographical anatomy of industrial capitalism. London: Allen Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shearmur, R. (2011). Innovation, regions and proximity from neo-regionalism to spatial analysis. Regional Studies, 49, 1225–1243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shearmur, R. (2012). Are cities the font of innovation? A critical review of literature on cities and innovation. Cities, 29, 9–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, D. (1971). Industrial location: an economic geographical analysis. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Storper, M. (1997). The regional world. New York: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Storper, M., & Scott, J. (1992). Pathways to industrialization and regional development. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Storper, M., & Walker, R. (1989). The capitalist imperative: territory, technology and industrial growth. New York: Basil Black.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundbo, J. (1998). The organization of innovation in services. Frederiksberg: Roskilde University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J., & Thrift, N. (1984). The geography of multinationals. London: Croom Helm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teruel-Carrizosa, M. (2010). Gibrat’s law and the learning process. Small Business Economics, 34(4), 355–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toivonen, M. (2004) Expertise as business: Long- term development and future prospectives of Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS).Doctoral Dissertation Series 2004/2, Helsinki University of Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering and Mannagement.

  • Trullén, J. (2001). Léconomia de Barcelona: cap a unnoumodel de desenvolupament. Revista Situación Catalunya, 2, 26–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Praag, M., Versloot, Peter H. (2007). What is the value of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research; IZA Discussion Paper No. 3014; Jena Economic Research Paper No. 2007-061. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1010568.

  • von Hippel, E. (1988). The sources of innovation. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Thünnen, J. (1826). Der Isolierte Staat in Beziehung auf Landwirtschaft und Nationalökonomie. New York, NY: Pergamon Press. English edition: Wagner, P. & Mikesell, M. (Eds.) (1962). Readings in Cultural Geography (trans: Wagner, P. & Mikesell, M.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

  • Watts, D. (1987). Industrial geography. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, A. (1909). Über den standort der industrien, Tübingen. English edition: Weber, A. (1929). Theory of the location of industries (trans: Frieddrich, C.J.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

  • Wise, M. (1949). On the evolution of the jewellery and gun quarters in Birmingham. Trans Inst Br Geogr, 5, 57–72.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to João J. M. Ferreira.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ferreira, J.J.M., Fernandes, C.I. & Raposo, M.L. The Effects of Location on Firm Innovation Capacity. J Knowl Econ 8, 77–96 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0281-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0281-4

Keywords

Navigation