Abstract
This work reports the achievement of higher proton conductivity of polystyrene based proton exchange membrane synthesized in a continuous RF plasma polymerization process using two precursors, styrene (C 8 H 8 ) and trifluoromethane sulfonic acid (CF 3 SO 3 H). The chemical composition of the developed membranes is investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy has been used for the study of surface morphology and thickness measurement of the membrane. The membranes deposited in the power range from 0·114 to 0·318 Wcm-2 exhibit a lot of variation in the properties like proton transport, water uptake, sulfonation rate, ion exchange capacity and thermal behaviour. The proton conductivity of the membranes is achieved up to 0·6 Scm-1, measured with the help of potentiostat/galvanostat. The thermogravimetric study of the plasma polymerized membrane shows the thermal stability up to 140 °C temperature.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bae I S, Cho S H, Lee S B, Kim Y and Boo J H 2005 Surf. Coat. Technol. 193 142
Baradie B, Poinsignon C, Sanchez J Y, Piffard Y, Vitter G, Bestaoui N, Foscallo D, Denoyell A, Delabouglise D and Vaujany M 1998 J. Power Sources 74 8
Blanchard R M and Nuzzo R G 2000 J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 38 1512
Brumlik C J, Parthasarathy A, Chen W J and Martin C R 1994 J. Electrochem. Soc. 141 2273
Chen N and Hong L 2004 Polymer 45 2403
Choi W H and Jo W H 2009 J. Power Sources 188 127
Choudhury A J, Chutia J, Braves S A, Kakati H, Pal A R, Jagannath, Mithal N, Kishore R, Pandey M and Patil D S 2011 Prog. Org. Coat. 70 75
Ennajdaoui A, Larrieu J, Roualdes S and Durand J 2008 Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 42 9
Ennajdaoui A, Roualdes S, Brault P and Durand J 2010 J. Power Sources 195 232
Friedrich J 2011 Plasma Process. Polym. 8 783
Fritzerald J J and Weiss R A 1986 ACS Symposium Series 302 35
Gruger A, Regis A, Schmatko T and Colomban P 2001 Vib. Spectrosc. 26 215
Inagaki N, Tasaka S and Horikawa Y 1989 J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Ed. 27 3495
Jiang Z Q, Jiang Z J and Meng Y 2011 J. Membr. Sci. 372 303
Jiang Z Q, Jiang Z J, Yu X Y and Meng Y D 2010a Plasma Process. Polym. 7 382
Jiang Z Q, Jiang Z J, Yu X Y, Meng Y D and Li J G 2010b Surf. Coat. Technol. 205 S231
Liu H M, Liu J C, Zhu F M and Alin S 2000 Polym. Int. 50 421
Mahdjoub H, Roualdes S, Sistat P, Pradeilles N, Durand J and Pourcelly G 2005 Fuel Cells 5 277
Morse J D 2007 Int. J. Energy Res. 31 576
Pavia D L, Lampman G and Kriz G 2001 Introduction to Spectroscopy, 3rd edn (Philadelphia, USA: Harcourt College Publisher)
Peighambardoust S J, Rowshanzamir S and Amjadi M 2010 Int. J. Hydrogen. Eng. 35 9349
Poll H U, Arzt M and Wicklender K H 1976 Eur. Polym. J. 12 505
Psark D E, Kim T, Kwon S, Kim C K and Yoon E 2007 Sens. Actuators A 135 58
Rieke P C and Vanderborgh N E 1987 J. Membr. Sci. 32 313
Roualdes S, Schieda M, Durivault L, Guesmi I, Gerardin E and Durand J 2007 Chem. Vap. Deposition 13 361
Retzko I, Friedrich J F, Lippitz A and Unger W E S 2001 J. Electron Spectros. Relat. Phenom. 121 111
Su Z, Li X and Hsu S L 1994 Macromolecules 27 287
Wan N, Wang C and Mao Z 2007 Electrochem. Commun. 9 511
Wirguin C H 1979 Polymer 20 371
Xing P, Robertson G P, Guiver M D, Mikhailenko S D and Kailiaguine S 2004 Macromolecules 37 7960
Yang J C, Jablonsky M J and Mays J W 2002 Polymer 43 5125
Yasuda H 1981 J. Polym. Sci. Macromol. Rev. 16 199
Yasuda H and Dekker M (. 2005 Luminous chemical vapor deposition and interface engineering New York, USA
Yasuda H and Hirotsu T 1978 J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed. 16 743
Yasuda H, Bumgarner M O, March H C and Morosoff N 1976 J. Polym. Sci. Chem. Ed. 14 195
Yasuda K, Uchimoto Y, Ogumi Z and Takehara Z 1994a Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 98 631
Yasuda K, Uchimoto Y, Ogumi Z and Takehara Z 1994b J. Electrochem. Soc 141 2350
Yeom J, Mozsgai G Z, Flachsbart B R, Choban E R, Asthana A, Shannon M A and Kenis P J A 2005 Sens. Actuators B 107 882
Zhong S, Fu T, Dou Z, Zhao C and Na H 2006 J. Power Sources 162 51
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful to the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Govt. of India, for sponsoring the project (Grant no.: 102/64/2009-NT).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
NATH, B.K., KHAN, A., CHUTIA, J. et al. Enhancement of proton conductivity of sulfonated polystyrene membrane prepared by plasma polymerization process. Bull Mater Sci 37, 1613–1624 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-014-0717-7
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-014-0717-7