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A Phenylurea Cytokinin, CPPU, Elevated Reducing Sugar and Correlated to Andrographolide Contents in Leaves of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Wall. Ex Nees

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Abstract

Cytokinins are phytohormones that play multiple roles to control plant growth and development. In this study, leaf biomass and the production of andrographolide compounds in a medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata were significantly increased after exogenously treating with the synthetic cytokinin cytokinin-1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea (CPPU) at 0 (water), 5, or 10 mg L−1 and observed the results for 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days of treatment. It was found that CPPU could significantly enhance new axillary bud formation and further promote branching 4.6–5.6-fold higher, resulting in higher fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) than the control. Application of CPPU at 5 mg L−1 significantly promoted the highest contents of total reducing sugar at 2.5-fold in leaves and at 1.5-fold in roots. Although treatments of CPPU significantly affected the increasing contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid (1.2–1.6-fold), CPPU at 10 mg L−1 slightly caused leaf stress and chlorophyll reduction. Interestingly, 5 mg L−1 CPPU could enhance andrographolide content, an active anti-infectious compound in Andrographis paniculata (2.2-fold higher than the control) that reached the highest content at 24 h after treatment. This study suggested that CPPU should be suitable for field application to promote leaf yields and induce the production of useful pharmaceutical compounds in Andrographis paniculata.

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Acknowledgments

The grant support by Mahidol University and the Royal Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talents Project (DPST) is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Phapawee Worakan, Nuchada Maneejantra & Kanyaratt Supaibulwatana

  2. School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi Campus, Kanchanaburi, Thailand

    Netiya Karaket

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  1. Phapawee Worakan
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  2. Netiya Karaket
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  4. Kanyaratt Supaibulwatana
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Correspondence to Kanyaratt Supaibulwatana.

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Worakan, P., Karaket, N., Maneejantra, N. et al. A Phenylurea Cytokinin, CPPU, Elevated Reducing Sugar and Correlated to Andrographolide Contents in Leaves of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Wall. Ex Nees. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 181, 638–649 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-016-2238-x

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