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A Kinetics Study on Electrical Resistivity Transition of In Situ Polymer Aging Sensors Based on Carbon-Black-Filled Epoxy Conductive Polymeric Composites (CPCs)

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Abstract

Sensors based on carbon-black-filled bisphenol A-type epoxy conductive polymeric composites (CPCs) have been prepared and applied to monitor thermal oxidation aging of polymeric materials. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is applied to characterize weight loss of epoxy resin in the aging process. By using a mathematical model based on the Boltzmann equation, a relationship between the electrical resistivity of the sensors based on epoxy/carbon black composites and aging time is established, making it possible to monitor and estimate the aging status of polymeric components in situ based on a fast and convenient electrical resistance measurement.

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Abbreviations

p c :

Percolation threshold

C :

Relative weight of epoxy resin matrix

W :

Real-time weight of epoxy resin

W 0 :

Initial weight of epoxy resin

t :

Aging time

k :

Reaction constant

n :

Exponent in power equation for weight of epoxy resin

E a :

Activation energy in degradation of epoxy resin

T :

Aging temperature

R :

Gas constant

ρ :

Electrical resistivity of CPCs

ρ 0 :

Initial electrical resistivity of CPCs

ρ ∞ :

Electrical resistivity of CPCs with infinite aging time

x :

Weight ratio of carbon black

α :

Exponent in electrical resistance alteration around percolation in Liang’s theory13

t c :

Induction time, corresponding to aging time needed for a change of log ρ from log ρ 0 to \( \left(\log \rho_{0}+\log \rho_{\infty}\right)/2\)

Δt :

A constant in the Boltzmann equation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science & Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA

    Qizhen Liang, Mark T. Nyugen, Kyoung-Sik Moon & Ching Ping Wong

  2. Polymer Aging Concepts Inc., Dahlonega, GA, 30533, USA

    Ken Watkins

  3. Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong

    Lilian T. Morato & Ching Ping Wong

Authors
  1. Qizhen Liang
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  2. Mark T. Nyugen
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  3. Kyoung-Sik Moon
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  4. Ken Watkins
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  5. Lilian T. Morato
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  6. Ching Ping Wong
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Correspondence to Qizhen Liang.

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Liang, Q., Nyugen, M.T., Moon, KS. et al. A Kinetics Study on Electrical Resistivity Transition of In Situ Polymer Aging Sensors Based on Carbon-Black-Filled Epoxy Conductive Polymeric Composites (CPCs). J. Electron. Mater. 42, 1114–1121 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-013-2525-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-013-2525-z

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