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Recent invasion by a non-native cyprinid (common bream Abramis brama) is followed by major changes in the ecological quality of a shallow lake in southern Europe

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Abstract

We present an example of how an invasion by a non-native cyprinid (common bream, Abramis brama (Pisces: Cyprinidae), hereafter bream) in a natural shallow lake in southern Europe (Lake Montorfano, northern Italy) may have adversely affected the state of the lake’s ecosystem. In less than two decades, bream became the most abundant species and characterized by a stunted population with asymptotic length 33.5 cm, an estimated mean length at first maturity of 19.6 cm, a total mortality rate of 0.64 year−1 and a diet overwhelmingly dominated by microcrustaceans. Following bream establishment, nutrients and phytoplankton biomass rose, the proportion of Cyanobacteria by numbers increased markedly and water transparency decreased. Total zooplankton abundance increased with a marked increase in small cladocerans and copepods, whereas the abundance of large herbivorous cladocerans did not change. The coverage of submerged macrophytes declined, as did the abundance of native pelagic zooplanktivorous fish. The composition of the fish community shifted towards a higher proportion of zoobenthivorous species, such as bream and pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus). Our results indicate that bream affected water quality through bottom-up mechanisms, while top-down effects were comparatively weak. Selective removal of bream and perhaps stocking of native piscivores might improve the ecological status of the lake.

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Acknowledgments

P. Volta (PV), Erik Jeppesen (EJ), Torben L. Lauridsen (TLL) and Ian J. Winfield were funded by WISER (Water bodies in Europe: Integrative Systems to assess Ecological status and Recovery) financed by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme, Theme 6 (Environment including Climate Change, contract No. 226273). PV and P. Sala were also funded by LIFE08 ENV/IT/000413 INHABIT project. EJ and TLL were additionally funded by EU–FP7 project REFRESH, CIRCE, CRES, CLEAR and The Danish Council for Independent Research: Natural Sciences (272-08-0406). PV and B. Campi were funded by a grant from’Fondazione Comunitaria del VCO‘. The authors would like to thank Mr. Igorio Cerutti for help in the field and laboratory, and Anne Mette Poulsen for editorial assistance. Many thanks also to Dr. Carlo Romanò (Como Province, Fishery Office) for providing the sampling permissions at Lake Montorfano and Dr. A. Negri who provided information on the past fish surveys in Lake Montorfano.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNR-ISE Institute of Ecosystem Study, L.go Tonolli 50, 28922, Verbania Pallanza, Italy

    Pietro Volta, Barbara Campi & Paolo Sala

  2. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark

    Erik Jeppesen & Torben L. Lauridsen

  3. Greenland Climate Research Centre (GCRC), Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2, P.O. Box 570, 3900, Nuuk, Greenland

    Erik Jeppesen & Torben L. Lauridsen

  4. Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing, China

    Erik Jeppesen

  5. Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy

    Barbara Leoni & Letizia Garibaldi

  6. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK

    Ian J. Winfield

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  1. Pietro Volta
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Volta, P., Jeppesen, E., Leoni, B. et al. Recent invasion by a non-native cyprinid (common bream Abramis brama) is followed by major changes in the ecological quality of a shallow lake in southern Europe. Biol Invasions 15, 2065–2079 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0433-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0433-z

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