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The Pseudomonas fluorescens secondary metabolite 2,4 diacetylphloroglucinol impairs mitochondrial function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Abstract

Pseudomonas fluorescens strains are known to produce a wide range of secondary metabolites including phenazines, siderophores, pyoluteorin, and 2,4 diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). DAPG is of particular interest because of its antifungal properties and because its production is associated with inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi in natural disease-suppressive soils. This trait has been exploited to develop strains of P. fluorescens that have potential application as biocontrol agents. Although the biochemistry, genetics and regulation of DAPG production have been well-studied, relatively little is known about how DAPG inhibits fungal growth and how fungi respond to DAPG. Employing a yeast model and a combination of phenotypic assays, molecular genetics and molecular physiological probes, we established that inhibition of fungal growth is caused by impairment of mitochondrial function. The effect of DAPG on yeast is largely fungistatic but DAPG also induces the formation of petite cells. Expression of the multidrug export proteins Pdr5p and Snq2p is increased by DAPG-treatment but this appears to be a secondary effect of mitochondrial damage as no role in enhancing DAPG-tolerance was identified for either Pdr5p or Snq2p.

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Acknowledgments

We thank K. Kuchler for generous provisions of strains and constructs, Maurice O’Donoghue for help with flow cytometry, Pat Higgins for excellent technical support, and Lucy Holcombe for critical reading of the manuscript. Work in F. O’Gara’s and J. Morrissey’s laboratories is supported by grants awarded by the European Union (TRAMWAYS and MICROMAIZE: FP6#O36314), Science Foundation of Ireland (04/BR/B0597; 07/IN.1/B948; 08-RFP-GEN1319; 08/RFP/GEN1295), the Marine SSTI programme, and the Department of Agriculture (FIRM grants: 06RDC459; 06RDC506 and RSF grants: 06-321; 06-377).

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  1. Olive Gleeson

    Present address: Biochemistry Department, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

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  1. Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

    Olive Gleeson, Fergal O’Gara & John P. Morrissey

  2. BIOMERIT Research Centre, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

    Fergal O’Gara

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Gleeson, O., O’Gara, F. & Morrissey, J.P. The Pseudomonas fluorescens secondary metabolite 2,4 diacetylphloroglucinol impairs mitochondrial function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 97, 261–273 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-009-9407-7

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