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Fe3O4/rice husk-based maco-/mesoporous carbon bone nanocomposite as superior high-rate anode for lithium ion battery

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Abstract

Rice husks (RHs), a kind of biowastes, are firstly hydrothermally pretreated by HCl aqueous solution to achieve promising macropores, facilitating subsequently impregnating ferric nitrate and urea aqueous solution, the precursor of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. A Fe3O4/rice husk-based maco-/mesoporous carbon bone nanocomposite is finally prepared by the high-temperature hydrothermal treatment of the precursor-impregnated pretreated RHs at 600 °C followed by NaOH aqueous solution treatment for dissolving silica and producing mesopores. The macro-/mesopores are able to provide rapid lithium ion-transferring channels and accommodate the volumetric changes of Fe3O4 nanoparticles during cycling as well. Besides, the macro-/mesoporous carbon bone can offer rapid electron-transferring channels through directly fluxing electrons between Fe3O4 nanoparticles and carbon bone. As a result, this nanocomposite delivers a high initial reversible capacity of 918 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and a reversible capacity of 681 mAh g−1 remained after 200 cycles at 1.0 A g−1. The reversible capacities at high current densities of 5.0 and 10.0 A g−1 still remain at high values of 463 and 221 mAh g−1, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

This research is financial supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China (2016JM2024), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M590908), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M590908), and the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges, Chang’an University, China (Grant No. 310831153505).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710061, China

    Xiaoyong Fan & Yu Cui

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore

    Siheng Li & Li Lu

  3. School of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

    Cuifeng Zhou &  Zongwen Liu

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  1. Xiaoyong Fan
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  2. Siheng Li
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  3. Yu Cui
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  4. Li Lu
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  5. Cuifeng Zhou
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  6. Zongwen Liu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Li Lu.

Additional information

Xiaoyong Fan and Siheng Li equally contributed to this work.

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Fan, X., Li, S., Cui, Y. et al. Fe3O4/rice husk-based maco-/mesoporous carbon bone nanocomposite as superior high-rate anode for lithium ion battery. J Solid State Electrochem 21, 27–34 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-016-3329-x

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