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pH-controlled morphological structure and electrochemical performances of polyaniline/nickel hexacyanoferrate nanogranules during electrochemical deposition

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Abstract

To explore the dependences of morphology and electrochemical performance of polyaniline/nickel hexacyanoferrate (PANI/NiHCF) nanogranules on pH value of the reaction system, electrodeposition of PANI/NiHCF nanogranules was performed across a pH range from 0 to 7 on carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-modified platinum substrate by cyclic voltammetry in a mixture of 0.002 mol L−1 NiSO4, 0.25 mol L−1 Na2SO4, 0.002 mol L−1 K3Fe(CN)6, and 0.01 mol L−1 aniline solutions. The morphology and structure of PANI/NiHCF nanogranules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The supercapacitive performances of the nanogranules were investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge/discharge tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the nanogranules with different morphology and sizes were obtained with the change of pH values from 0 to 7, which could control the mechanism of homogeneous or heterogeneous nucleation directly. The nanogranules were dispersed in matrix uniformly at pH 0 and pH 1, while the size of which decreased with the increase of pH values. The smooth cross-linking network structure was found from pH 2 to 7. The structure of PANI/NiHCF nanogranules had slightly changed from pH 0 to 7. PANI/NiHCF nanogranules had good electrochemical performance from pH 0 to 7 in a mixture of 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 and 0.5 mol L−1 KNO3 solutions, and the highest specific capacitance value of 274 F g−1 was obtained at current densities of 2 mA cm−2 in neutral medium. PANI/NiHCF nanogranules had high stability in neutral medium after 2,000 cycles by CV.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 21276173), the Qualified Personnel Foundation of Taiyuan University of Technology (Grant No. tyut-rc201307a, tyut-rc201261a), and the Youth Foundation of Taiyuan University of Technology (Grant No. 2013Z046, 2013Z006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China

    Yonghong Wang, Yujiao Yang, Xiaogang Hao, Xinru Zhang & Zhonglin Zhang

  2. Shanxi Institute of Applied Chemistry, Taiyuan, 030024, China

    Guozhang Ma

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  1. Yonghong Wang
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  2. Yujiao Yang
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  3. Xiaogang Hao
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  4. Xinru Zhang
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  5. Zhonglin Zhang
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Correspondence to Xiaogang Hao or Xinru Zhang.

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Wang, Y., Yang, Y., Hao, X. et al. pH-controlled morphological structure and electrochemical performances of polyaniline/nickel hexacyanoferrate nanogranules during electrochemical deposition. J Solid State Electrochem 18, 2885–2892 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2559-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2559-z

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