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Petrology, 40Ar/39Ar age, Sr-Nd isotope systematics, and geodynamic significance of an ultrapotassic (lamproitic) dyke with affinities to kamafugite from the easternmost margin of the Bastar Craton, India

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Abstract

We report the mineralogy, bulk-rock geochemistry, 40Ar/39Ar (whole-rock) age and radiogenic (Sr and Nd) isotope composition of an ultrapotassic dyke from Sakri (Nuapada lamproite field) located at the tectonic contact between the easternmost margin of the Bastar craton and Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt, India. The Sakri dyke has a mineralogy which strongly resembles a lamproite sensu stricto (viz.,Ti-rich phlogopite, Na-poor diopside, Fe-rich sanidine, ulvospinel trend and Sr-rich apatite). However, its bulk-rock major element geochemical characteristics (viz., extreme silica-undersaturated nature) resemble sensu lato kamafugite from Toro Ankole, Uganda, East African Rift, and Alto Paranaiba Province, Brazil. The Sakri dyke also displays certain compositional peculiarities (viz., high degree of evolution of mica composition from phlogopite to biotite, elevated titanium and aluminum in clinopyroxene and significantly lower bulk Mg#) when compared to the ultrapotassic rocks from various Indian cratons. 40Ar/39Ar dating gave a plateau age of 1045 ± 9 Ma which is broadly similar to that of other Mesoproterozoic (i) lamproites from the Bastar and Bundelkhand cratons, and (ii) kimberlites from the Eastern Dharwar craton. Initial bulk-rock Sr (0.705865–0.709024) and Nd (0.511063–0.511154) isotopic ratios reveal involvement of an ‘enriched’ source region with long-term incompatible element enrichment and a depleted mantle (TDM) Nd model age of 2.56 Ga straddling the Archaean-Proterozoic chronostratigraphic boundary. The bulk-rock incompatible trace element ratios (Ta/Yb, Th/Yb, Rb/Ba and Ce/Y) of the Sakri ultrapotassic dyke negate any significant influence of crustal contamination. Small-degree melting (1 to 1.5 %) of a mixed garnet-facies and spinel-facies phlogopite lherzolite can account for its observed REE concentrations. Whereas the emplacement of the Sakri ultrapotassic dyke is related to the amalgamation of the supercontinent of Rodinia, its overlapping geochemical characteristics of lamproite and kamafugite (also displayed by two other lamproites of the Nuapada field at Amlidadar and Parkom) are linked to the emplacement in a unique geological setting at the craton-mobile belt contact and hence of geodynamic significance.

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Acknowledgments

Rex Prider’s seminal contributions to the lamproite petrology are monumental and we deem it a privilege to contribute to this special volume being brought out in his memory. NVCR thanks Head, Department of Geology, BHU, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany, for support. Research fellowships to Purnendu Nanda (by DST) and Samarendra Sahoo (by UGC) Atiullah and Ngazipmi Chahong (by CSIR) are thankfully acknowledged. Thoughtful and encouraging reviews by Hugh O’Brien and another, unknown, reviewer and editorial suggestions of A.L. Jaques and Johann Raith are deeply appreciated. Extremely detailed reviews by Andrea Giuliani and an anonymous reviewer on an earlier draft of this manuscript were very helpful and we express our sincere thanks to both of them.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Centre of Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    N. V. Chalapathi Rao,  Atiullah, Purnendu Nanda, Samarendra Sahoo & Ngazipmi Chahong

  2. School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9 PL, UK

    R. Burgess

  3. Institute Instrumentation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India

    A. K. Choudhary

  4. Mineral Resources, Technical University of Clausthal, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, 38678, Germany

    B. Lehmann

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  1. N. V. Chalapathi Rao
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Correspondence to N. V. Chalapathi Rao.

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Rao, N.V.C., Atiullah, Burgess, R. et al. Petrology, 40Ar/39Ar age, Sr-Nd isotope systematics, and geodynamic significance of an ultrapotassic (lamproitic) dyke with affinities to kamafugite from the easternmost margin of the Bastar Craton, India. Miner Petrol 110, 269–293 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-015-0403-5

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