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Salt adaptation requires efficient fine-tuning of jasmonate signalling

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Abstract

Understanding the mechanism by which plants sense, signal and respond to salinity stress is of great interest to plant biologists. In stress signalling, often the same molecules are involved in both damage-related and adaptive events. To dissect this complexity, we compared the salinity responses of two grapevine cell lines differing in their salinity tolerance. We followed rapid changes in the cellular content of sodium and calcium, apoplastic alkalinisation and slower responses in the levels of jasmonic acid, its active isoleucine conjugate and abscisic acid, as well as of stilbenes. Differences in timing and sensitivity to either the lanthanoid Gd or exogenous calcium provide evidence for an adaptive role of early sodium uptake through non-selective cation channels acting upstream of Ca2+ and H+ fluxes. We find a correlation of salt sensitivity with unconstrained jasmonate (JA) signalling, whereas salt adaptation correlates with tight control of jasmonic acid and its isoleucine conjugate, accompanied by accumulation of abscisic acid and suppression of stilbenes that trigger defence-related cell death. The data are discussed by a model where efficient fine-tuning of JA signalling determines whether cells will progress towards adaptation or programme cell death.

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Acknowledgments

Authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Yusuke Jikumaru for his support of hormone analysis. Gesine Preuss is acknowledged for Na+ and Ca2+ measurements. Ahmed Ismail was supported by the German Egyptian Research Long term Scholarship “GERLS” programme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

    Ahmed Ismail & Peter Nick

  2. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, El-Goumhoriya St. 42, 22516, Damanhour, Egypt

    Ahmed Ismail

  3. RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan

    Mitsunori Seo & Yumiko Takebayashi

  4. RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan

    Yuji Kamiya

  5. Institut of Mineralogy und Geochemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

    Elisabeth Eiche

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  1. Ahmed Ismail
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Ismail, A., Seo, M., Takebayashi, Y. et al. Salt adaptation requires efficient fine-tuning of jasmonate signalling. Protoplasma 251, 881–898 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-013-0591-y

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