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Proteomic changes of Citrus roots in response to long-term manganese toxicity

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Fifty-three and thirty-nine differentially expressed protein spots were isolated from Mn-toxic Citrus sinensis and Citrus grandis roots, respectively. Mn-toxicity-induced changes in protein profiles greatly differed between the two species.

Abstract

Limited information is available on the manganese (Mn)-toxicity-responsive proteins in plant roots. ‘Sour pummelo’ (Citrus grandis) and ‘Xuegan’ (Citrus sinensis) seedlings were irrigated for 17 weeks with 2 (control) or 600 μM (Mn-toxic) MnSO4. C. sinensis displayed more tolerance to Mn-toxicity than C. grandis, which may be related to more Mn accumulation in roots and less Mn distribution in shoots. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), we isolated 11 up-regulated and 42 down-regulated protein spots from Mn-toxic C. sinensis roots, and 25 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated protein spots from Mn-toxic C. grandis roots. This indicated more metabolic flexibility in C. sinensis roots, thus contributing to the Mn-tolerance of C. sinensis. According to the biological functional properties, these differentially expressed proteins in the two species were classified into the following categories: protein metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, stress responses, cell wall and cytoskeleton, cell transport, signal transduction and fatty acid metabolism. Under Mn-toxicity, proteins involved in nucleic acid metabolism, glycolysis and cell transport were up-regulated in nontolerant C. grandis roots, and down-regulated in tolerant C. sinensis roots. The notable down-regulation of proteins in Mn-toxic C. sinensis roots with less accumulation of carbohydrates may provide an advantage to the net carbon balance by lowering related metabolic processes, and enhancing the Mn-tolerance of C. sinensis. To conclude, there are many important differences in Mn-toxicity-induced changes in protein profiles and metabolic responses between the two species.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System. The authors wish to thank Dr. Brandon R. Smith, USDA-NRCS, 2 Madbury Road, Durham NH 03824, USA and Prof. Ming-Kuang Wang, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, for language correction and constructive comments on this manuscript.

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No conflicts of interest declared.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Horticultural Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Xiang You, Lin-Tong Yang, Yi-Bin Lu, Huan Li, Shi-Qi Zhang & Li-Song Chen

  2. College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Xiang You

  3. College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Lin-Tong Yang, Yi-Bin Lu, Huan Li, Shi-Qi Zhang & Li-Song Chen

  4. Fujian Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Li-Song Chen

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  1. Xiang You
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Correspondence to Li-Song Chen.

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You, X., Yang, LT., Lu, YB. et al. Proteomic changes of Citrus roots in response to long-term manganese toxicity. Trees 28, 1383–1399 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-014-1042-x

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