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Deep insights: intravital imaging with two-photon microscopy

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Abstract

Intravital multiphoton microscopy is widely used to assess the structure and function of organs in live animals. Although different tissues vary in their accessibility for intravital multiphoton imaging, considerable progress has been made in the imaging quality of all tissues due to substantial technical improvements in the relevant imaging components, such as optics, excitation laser, detectors, and signal analysis software. In this review, we provide an overview of the technical background of intravital multiphoton microscopy. Then, we note a few seminal findings that were made through the use of multiphoton microscopy. Finally, we address the technical limitations of the method and provide an outlook for how these limitations may be overcome through future technical developments.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciate the scientific discussion on the role of intravital microscopy in neuroscience with Dr. Sophia Bardehle. The authors’ work was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB699/B7).

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  1. Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany

    Ina Maria Schießl & Hayo Castrop

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  1. Ina Maria Schießl
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Correspondence to Ina Maria Schießl.

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Schießl, I.M., Castrop, H. Deep insights: intravital imaging with two-photon microscopy. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 468, 1505–1516 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-016-1832-7

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