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Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Alleviating Chlorosis Induced by Iron Deficiency in Peanut Seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Abstract

The effects of salicylic acid (SA) on alleviating chlorosis induced by iron (Fe) deficiency in peanut seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.) were studied by investigating the symptoms, plant growth, chlorophyll concentrations, soluble Fe concentration, Fe distribution in subcellular, and antioxidant enzymes. Fe deficiency caused serious chlorosis and inhibited growth of peanut seedlings, and dramatically decreased the soluble Fe concentration and chlorophyll concentration. Furthermore, ion balance was disturbed. The addition of 50, 100, and 250 μM SA significantly increased the absorption of Fe from the cell wall to cell organelles and the soluble fraction, enhanced the Fe concentration in cell organelles, Fe activation and chlorophyll concentrations in leaves, ameliorated the inhibition of Ca, Mg, and Zn absorption induced by Fe deficiency, alleviated the chlorosis induced by Fe deficiency and promoted plant growth. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is dramatically increased in peanut seedlings exposed to Fe deficiency, and resulted in lipid peroxidation, which was indicated by accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA). The application of 50, 100, and 250 μM SA significantly decreased the level of ROS and MDA concentrations, and significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase in peanut seedlings exposed to Fe deficiency. The addition of 100 μM SA had the best effect on alleviating chlorosis induced by Fe deficiency, whereas the addition of 500 μM SA had no significant effect under Fe deficiency.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank English Lecturer Mr. Stuart Craig MA (England, Taishan University, China), Doctor Chengliang Li (RWTH Aachen University, Germany) and lecturer Xiujuan Wang (College of Foreign Languages, Shandong Agricultural University) for their critical reading and revision of the manuscript. The authors also thank Pingping Yang (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, China) for her supplying instruments and patient guidance. Special acknowledgements are given to the editors and reviewers. This research was funded by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (ZR2013CM003) and Collaboration Innovation center of high yield and high efficiency of wheat and corn anniversary production in Shandong province.

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  1. College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Kong, Yuanjie Dong, Linlin Xu, Shuang Liu & Xiaoying Bai

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  1. Jing Kong
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  2. Yuanjie Dong
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Correspondence to Yuanjie Dong.

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Kong, J., Dong, Y., Xu, L. et al. Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Alleviating Chlorosis Induced by Iron Deficiency in Peanut Seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.). J Plant Growth Regul 33, 715–729 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-014-9418-0

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