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Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates effects of long term drought stress and delays leaf rolling by inducing antioxidant system

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Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the important signal molecules modulating plant responses to environmental stress. In this study, the effects of exogenous SA on leaf rolling, one of drought avoidance mechanisms, and antioxidant system were investigated in Ctenanthe setosa during long term drought stress. The plants were subjected to 38-day drought period and they were treated with or without SA (10−6 M) on the 25th, 27th and 29th days of the period. Leaf samples were harvested on the 30th, 34th and 38th days. Some antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase), reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide) and lipid peroxidation were determined during the drought period. Treatment with SA prevented water loss and delayed leaf rolling in comparison with control leaves. Exogenous SA induced all antioxidant enzyme activities more than control leaves during the drought. Ascorbate and glutathione, α-tocopherol, carotenoid and endogenous SA level were induced by the SA treatment. Levels of reactive oxygen species were higher in SA treated plants than control ones on the 34th day. Their levels on the 38th day, however, fastly decreased in SA treated plants. SA treatment prevented lipid peroxidation while the peroxidation increased in control plants. The results showed that exogenous SA can alleviate the damaging effect of long term drought stress by decreasing water loss and inducing the antioxidant system in the plant having leaf rolling, alternative protection mechanism to drought.

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Abbreviations

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

ASC:

Ascorbic acid

CAT:

Catalase

DHA:

Dehydroascorbate

DHAR:

Dehydroascorbate reductase

gs :

Stomatal conductance

GR:

Glutathione reductase

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MDHAR:

Monodehydroascorbate reductase

NBT:

Nitro blue tetrazolium

O •−2 :

Superoxide anion radical

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RWC:

Relative water content

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

Ψleaf :

Leaf water potential

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, TBAG 108T298). The authors are grateful to Prof Dr Sevim Köse (Faculty of Marine Science, Karadeniz Technical University) and Serkan Koral (Faculty of Fisheries, Rize University) for determination of salicylic acid and α-tocopherol by HPLC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey

    Asim Kadioglu, Aykut Sağlam, Rabiye Terzi & Tuba Acet

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Rize University, 53100, Rize, Turkey

    Neslihan Saruhan

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  1. Asim Kadioglu
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  2. Neslihan Saruhan
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  3. Aykut Sağlam
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Correspondence to Neslihan Saruhan.

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Kadioglu, A., Saruhan, N., Sağlam, A. et al. Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates effects of long term drought stress and delays leaf rolling by inducing antioxidant system. Plant Growth Regul 64, 27–37 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-010-9532-3

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