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Geographical distribution ofAphidiidae [Hym.] imported to California for biological control ofAcyrthosiphon kondoi andAcyrthosiphon pisum [Hom.: Aphididae]

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Abstract

A survey forAcyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji and its insect enemies was conducted in 1976–1977 in Afghanistan, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Iran, Israel and Maroc. The search was concentrated in areas having cultivated species ofMedicago.

A. kondoi was found only in Afghanistan, and in Iran. It was not found inMedicago-growing areas west from Iran, but it has been reported from India and Japan.

Aphidius ervi Haliday,Aphidius urticae group,Praon barbatum Mackauer andAphidius smithi Sharma & Rao, were reared fromA. kondoi constituting new parasite records. New parasite and locality records were also found forA. urticae group,A. smithi andP. barbatum onAcyrthosiphum pisum (Harris).

In laboratory trials, all cultures of parasitesA. ervi andP. barbatum readily parasitized and reproduced onA. kondoi onLens esculenta Moench. Cultures ofA. urticae group andA. smithi oviposited on, but did not complete development of immatures in,A. kondoi onL. esculenta.

Hyperparasites identified as species includedAsaphes suspensus (Nees),Asaphes vulgaris Walker,Aphidencyrtus aphidivorus (Mayr),Dendrocerus breadalbimensis (Kieffer),Dendrocerus carpenteri (Curtis), andPachyneuron aphidis (Bouche).

Available data suggest the origin of distribution ofA. kondoi may be Central Asia, and that populations ofA. ervi may be most suitable for colonization programs againstA. kondoi.

Résumé

Le puceronAcyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji et ses ennemis naturels sont été recherché en 1976 et 1977 en Afghanistan, Belgique, Tchécoslovaquie, Grèce, Iran, Israël et Maroc, plus particulièrement dans les régions où sont cultivées des espèces deMedicago.

A. kondoi a été trouvé seulement en Afghanistan et en Iran; il n'a pas été observé dans les régions situées à l'Ouest de l'Iran et oùMedicago est cultivé.

Aphidius ervi Haliday, le groupeAphidius urticae, Praon barbatum Mackauer etAphidius smithi Sharma & Rao ont été obtenus d'A. kondoi, qui constitue un nouvel hôte pour ces parasites. Le groupeA. urticae, A. smithi etP. barbatum est également signalé comme parasite deAcyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) dans des régions nouvelles.

Dans les essais de laboratoire, toutes les souches d'A. ervi et deP. barbatum ont parasité et se sont reproduites avec facilité surA. kondoi élevé surLens esculenta Moench. Les souches du groupeA. urticae et d'A. smithi ont pondu surA. kondoi élevé sur la même plante hôte, mais n'ont pas pu y effectuer complètement leur développement larvaire.

Les hyperparasites suivants ont pu être identifiés à l'espèce:Asaphes suspensus (Nees),Asaphes vulgaris Walker,Aphidencyrtus aphidivorus (Mayr),Dendrocerus breadalbimensis (Kieffer),Dendrocerus carpenteri (Curtis) etPachyneuron aphidis (Bouché).

Nos résultats suggèrent que l'Asie Centrale peut être l'aire d'origine deA. kondoi et que les souches d'A. ervi peuvent convenir pour la lutte biologique par introduction contre ce puceron.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biological Control, University of California, Riverside, California, USA

    D. González, W. White, J. Hall & R. C. Dickson

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  1. D. González
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  2. W. White
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  3. J. Hall
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  4. R. C. Dickson
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González, D., White, W., Hall, J. et al. Geographical distribution ofAphidiidae [Hym.] imported to California for biological control ofAcyrthosiphon kondoi andAcyrthosiphon pisum [Hom.: Aphididae] . Entomophaga 23, 239–248 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373098

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