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Parasitoids and fungal pathogens of Phyllonorycter issikii (Kumata, 1963) from Bulgaria

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Abstract

The lime leaf miner, Phyllonorycter issikii, is a moth species native to East Asia, which recently invaded considerable part of Europe. A study on the natural enemies of this invasive species was conducted in Bulgaria. Tilia cordata leaves infested with the lime leaf miner were collected in 2015 and 2016 in two public parks in Sofia. A total of eleven eulophid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) belonging to three subfamilies - Entedoninae, Eulophinae and Tetrastichinae, and one braconid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were recorded. In addition, one unidentified ichneumonid species was reared. Minotetrastichus platanellus was the most abundant species in the samples comprising 76.88% of the parasitoids reared from collected immature and pupal stages of Ph. issikii. It is followed by Sympiesis gordius (6.53%) and S. sericeicornis (6.03%). Three new host-parasitoid associations were established. The entomopathogenic fungi Beuveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales) were isolated for the first time from cadavers of Ph. issikii larvae and pupae. Based on the presented observation we hypothesized that the lime leaf miner can produce three generations in Bulgaria.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Boyan Zlatkov (Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgaria) for the identification of Ph. issikii and Dr. Mark Young (University of Aberdeen, UK) for helpful comments. The study was partially supported by ANIDIV-3 project (Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgaria).

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  1. Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Blvd. Tsar Osvoboditel 1, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Teodora B. Toshova & Ivaylo Todorov

  2. Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Asen Str., 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

    Peter Boyadzhiev

  3. Institute of Soil Science, Agrotechnologies and Plant Protection, str. Shosse Bankia 7, 1080, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Slavimira Draganova

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  1. Teodora B. Toshova
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Correspondence to Teodora B. Toshova.

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Toshova, T.B., Boyadzhiev, P., Todorov, I. et al. Parasitoids and fungal pathogens of Phyllonorycter issikii (Kumata, 1963) from Bulgaria. Biologia 73, 1237–1245 (2018). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-018-0141-3

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