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Herpesviral Infection in Periapical Periodontitis

  • Epidemiology (M Laine, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review describes the most recent findings on herpesviral infections and offers current concepts of herpesviral role in the pathogenesis of periapical periodontitis.

Recent Findings

Thirty articles reported data on herpesviral infection in periapical periodontitis. Epstein-Barr virus and human cytomegalovirus are the most frequently detected herpesviruses in periapical samples. The main hypothesis postulates a bidirectional herpesviral-bacterial relationship in the etiopathogenesis of periapical periodontitis. A high heterogeneity of herpesviruses incidence was registered within the studies, in part, due to various methodological approaches used in laboratory testing, different inclusion criteria, study design, seroprevalence of herpesviruses, and sociodemographic characteristics of investigated populations.

Summary

Herpesviruses have been shown to potentially impair local host defense in periapical tissue. Although it has been demonstrated that endodontic pathogenic bacteria are able to reactivate herpesviruses, further, in vitro studies should provide more data on herpesviruses as a factor in the pathogenesis of the periapical pathoses. It is, therefore, necessary to investigate potential benefits of antiviral therapy in well-designed controlled longitudinal studies.

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Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported by grant no. 175075 from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathophysiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, dr Subotica 1, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Aleksandar Jakovljevic & Maja Miletic

  2. Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, dr Subotica 4, Beograd, 11000, Serbia

    Miroslav Andric

  3. Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, dr Subotica 1, Beograd, 11000, Serbia

    Aleksandra Knezevic

  4. Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Rankeova 4, Beograd, 11000, Serbia

    Katarina Beljic-Ivanovic

  5. Department of Biology and Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, dr Subotica 1, Beograd, 11000, Serbia

    Jelena Milasin

  6. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Mohammad Sabeti

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  1. Aleksandar Jakovljevic
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Jakovljevic, A., Andric, M., Knezevic, A. et al. Herpesviral Infection in Periapical Periodontitis. Curr Oral Health Rep 5, 255–263 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40496-018-0198-7

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