Abstract
Aims
To assess the glycemic control of once-weekly (QW) and other administration frequencies for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) in patients with type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study used Japanese medical claims data and medical check-up data between December 2015 and February 2020. Patients with type 2 diabetes had been newly prescribed a DPP-4i regimen of once-daily (QD), twice-daily (BID), or QW administration and had hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values from regular medical check-ups. HbA1c values and proportion of patients achieving their HbA1c target were assessed. Multivariable analyses were conducted to examine the association between DPP-4i regimen and achievement of HbA1c target.
Results
Of the analysis population (N = 7229), 6098 patients were prescribed the QD regimen, 772 BID, and 359 QW. Mean HbA1c before exposure to DPP-4i was 7.31 ± 1.20% (mean ± standard deviation) for QD, 7.64 ± 1.47% for BID, and 7.06 ± 0.96% for QW, decreasing after DPP-4i exposure to 6.71 ± 0.78%, 6.77 ± 0.84%, and 6.59 ± 0.67%, respectively. HbA1c < 7% was achieved in 72.1% of patients for QD, 69.0% for BID, and 79.1% for QW. On multivariable analysis, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for HbA1c < 7.0% in patients < 65 years of age was 0.97 (0.73–1.30) for BID and 0.90 (0.57–1.42) for QW compared to QD. Similar achievement of HbA1c target was noted in each regimen for patients age ≥ 65 years and for age ≥ 65 years with multimorbidity.
Conclusion
In this study under real-world conditions, glycemic control for the DPP-4i QW regimen was similar to that for QD and BID.
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Data availability
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study were obtained from data accessed under license with DeSC Healthcare Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) and are not publicly available due to restrictions placed by DeSC Healthcare Inc. on the use of that data.
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Acknowledgements
Review of the statistical analysis plan and statistical analysis was supported by Koji Ashizawa, affiliated with Takumi Information Technology Inc. Medical writing support was provided by EDIT, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) and was funded by Teijin Pharma Limited.
Funding
This study was supported by Teijin Pharma Limited.
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All authors contributed to study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by SY and AN. RN confirmed the validity of the study design and interpretation of the results from a medical perspective. The first draft of the manuscript was written by RK, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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RK, SY, AN and TM are employees of Teijin Pharma Limited. RN has received honoraria from Astellas Pharma Inc., Astra Zeneca K.K., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kowa Co., Ltd., Medtronic Japan Co., Ltd., Novo Nordisk Pharma Inc., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., and Abbott Japan LLC; research funding from Mitsubishi Electric Corp.; and subsidies or donations from Abbott Japan LLC, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Arkley Inc., and Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Koto, R., Yoshida, S., Nakajima, A. et al. Glycemic control of once-weekly and other administration frequencies for DPP-4 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes: a real-world retrospective cohort study. Diabetol Int (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-024-00718-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-024-00718-5