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Plant-symbiont interactions: the functional role of expansins

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Abstract

Expansins are non-enzymatic cell wall proteins that mediate plant growth by catalyzing loosening of cell walls without lysing the wall polymers. Advances in the field of bioinformatics have facilitated the prediction of the members of expansin gene family across several model plants. Expansins constitutes into four sub-families; α-expansin, β-expansin, expansin-like A and expansin-like B. Biological functions of expansin gene family include diverse aspects of plant growth and development, shoot and root elongation, leaf morphogenesis, flower and fruit development, embryogenesis, pollen tube growth, stress tolerance, etc. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of expansins in plant-symbiotic interactions. The present review reveals the factors that govern plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and legume-rhizobia symbioses; and the genes that participate in these diverse symbiont interactions. Further, we focus on the expression profiles and the functions of expansins during plant-AMF and legume-rhizobia interactions. The key roles of expansin proteins during AMF invasion, arbuscule formation, rhizobial infection and nodule organogenesis were uncovered during symbioses. This review summarizes discoveries that support the key and versatile roles of various expansin members in the plant-mycorrhizal and legume-rhizobial symbioses.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnològia (CONACYT grant no. 240614), PAPIIT (DGAPA-UNAM grant no. IN219916) to M.L. and DGAPA-UNAM postdoctoral fellowship (DGAP/DG0639/2016) to S.K.M.

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  1. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Sudipta Kumar Mohanty & Miguel Lara

  2. Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), León, C.P. 37684, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Manoj-Kumar Arthikala & Kalpana Nanjareddy

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  1. Sudipta Kumar Mohanty
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Mohanty, S.K., Arthikala, MK., Nanjareddy, K. et al. Plant-symbiont interactions: the functional role of expansins. Symbiosis 74, 1–10 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-017-0501-8

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