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Considering Context-Specific microRNAs in Ischemic Stroke with Three “W”: Where, When, and What

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Abstract

MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that function as critical regulators of various biological processes through negative regulation of gene expression post-transcriptionally. Recent studies have indicated that microRNAs are potential biomarkers for ischemic stroke. In this review, we first illustrate the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and demonstrate the biogenesis and transportation of microRNAs from cells. We then discuss several promising microRNA biomarkers in ischemic stroke in a context-specific manner from three dimensions: biofluids selection for microRNA extraction (Where), the timing of sample collection after ischemic stroke onset (When), and the clinical application of the differential-expressed microRNAs during stroke pathophysiology (What). We show that microRNAs have the utilities in ischemic stroke diagnosis, risk stratification, subtype classification, prognosis prediction, and treatment response monitoring. However, there are also obstacles in microRNA biomarker research, and this review will discuss the possible ways to improve microRNA biomarkers. Overall, microRNAs have the potential to assist clinical treatment, and developing microRNA panels for clinical application is worthwhile.

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Acknowledgements

Not applicable.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0108600), the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2021-I2M-1-019), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82170799), and the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022-PUMCH-C-042).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China

    Chuheng Chang, Renzhi Wang & Xinjie Bao

  2. M.D. Program, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China

    Chuheng Chang

  3. Department of General Practice (General Internal Medicine), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China

    Youyang Wang

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  1. Chuheng Chang
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  2. Youyang Wang
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  3. Renzhi Wang
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  4. Xinjie Bao
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the idea for the article. Chuheng Chang and Youyang Wang performed the literature search, data analysis, and original draft preparation. Renzhi Wang and Xinjie Bao critically revised the work. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Chuheng Chang and Youyang Wang contributed equally to this work and should be considered as co-first authors.

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Correspondence to Xinjie Bao.

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Chang, C., Wang, Y., Wang, R. et al. Considering Context-Specific microRNAs in Ischemic Stroke with Three “W”: Where, When, and What. Mol Neurobiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-024-04051-5

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