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Drinking among university students with a history of reading difficulties: motivational and personality risk factors for hazardous levels of consumption

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Abstract

An increasing number of students are entering university with reading difficulties—whether they be diagnosed or self-reported. Research demonstrates that university students who self-report a history of reading difficulties (HRD) have lower academic achievement and higher anxiety about academic performance as compared to peers without this history (NRD). Here we study other aspects of HRD students’ university experiences, focusing on alcohol consumption. Specifically, we investigated the drinking motives and personality characteristics likely to increase risk of hazardous alcohol consumption among HRD vs. NRD undergraduates. We identified 42 HRD and 54 NRD participants based on responses to a reading history questionnaire. Participants completed questionnaires assessing hazardous drinking, drinking motives, and alcohol-risk personality traits. Both groups reported similarly high levels of hazardous drinking. HRD students reported drinking more to conform with peers, and less to enhance positive moods, than NRD students. HRD students also scored higher in the alcohol personality risk of impulsivity. Our results support a unique pattern of motives and personality risks among HRD students, a pattern that likely puts them at increased risk for sustained hazardous drinking. Clinical implications for preventing problem drinking among HRD undergraduates are considered.

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Notes

  1. While .70 is typically considered the cut-off for acceptable internal consistency, some (e.g., Loewenthal & Lewis, 2020) argue that .60 should be treated as an acceptable cut-off for shorter scales (e.g., 10 items or less) given that more items generally translate into higher internal consistency values.

  2. Only drinkers can report on their motivations for drinking.

  3. Given our unexpected nonsignificant finding on hazardous drinking between HRD and NRD students, we ran follow-up analyses on proportions of drinkers and hazardous drinkers in each group. Chi-square analyses revealed no differences in the proportions of drinkers (2(1) = .164, p = .686) nor the proportion of hazardous drinkers (2(1) = .025; p = .875) across the HRD and NRD groups. Further, even if we examine only the drinkers, the HRD and NRD groups did not differ in the proportion who were hazardous drinkers, 2(1) = .020; p = .888.

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Funding

This project was funded by Movember Canada and SSHRC.

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  1. Dalhousie University, P. O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada

    Elizabeth MacKay, S.Hélène Deacon, Mariam M. Elgendi & Sherry H. Stewart

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Each author contributed to the design, analyses, and writing of this project. Elizabeth MacKay and Mariam Elgendi are PhD students supervised by Drs. Stewart and Deacon.

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Correspondence to Elizabeth MacKay.

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MacKay, E., Deacon, S., Elgendi, M.M. et al. Drinking among university students with a history of reading difficulties: motivational and personality risk factors for hazardous levels of consumption. Ann. of Dyslexia 72, 487–508 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-022-00266-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-022-00266-0

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