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Diurnal and seasonal variation of the elevation gradient of air temperature in the northern flank of the western Qinling Mountain range, China

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An Erratum to this article was published on 02 March 2017

Abstract

The typically sparse or lacking distribution of meteorological stations in mountainous areas inadequately resolves temperature elevation variability. This study presented the diurnal and seasonal variations of the elevation gradient of air temperature in the northern flank of the western Qinling Mountain range, which has not been thoroughly evaluated. The measurements were conducted at 9 different elevations between 1710 and 2500 m from August 2014 to August 2015 with HOBO Data loggers. The results showed that the annual temperature lapse rates (TLRs) for Tmean, Tmin and Tmax were 0.45°C/100m, 0.44°C/100m and 0.40°C/100m, respectively, which are substantially smaller than the often used value of 0.60°C/100m to 0.60°C/100m. The TLRs showed no obvious seasonal variations, except for the maximum temperature lapse rate, which was steeper in winter and shallower in spring. Additionally, the TLRs showed significant diurnal variations, with the steepest TLR in forenoon and the shallowest in early morning or late-afternoon, and the TLRs changed more severely during the daytime than night time. The accumulated temperature above 0°C, 5°C and 10°C (AT0, AT5 and AT10) decreased at a lapse rate of 112.8°C days/100 m, 104.5°C days/100 m and 137.0°C days/100 m, respectively. The monthly and annual mean diurnal range of temperatures (MDRT and ADRT) demonstrated unimodal curves along the elevation gradients, while the annual range of temperature (ART) showed no significant elevation differences. Our results strongly suggest that the extrapolated regional TLR may not be a good representative for an individual mountainside, in particular, where there are only sparse meteorological stations at high elevations.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the National Meteorological Information Center of China’s meteorological administration (www.nmic.gov.cn) for providing the meteorological observations of surface air temperature, cloud cover and precipitation. This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41630750, 41271059), and the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation of China (Grant No. 2011FY110300).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Guo-yi Wang, Ming-fei Zhao, Mu-yi Kang, Kai-xiong Xing, Yu-hang Wang & Feng Xue

  2. College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Guo-yi Wang, Ming-fei Zhao, Mu-yi Kang, Kai-xiong Xing, Yu-hang Wang & Feng Xue

  3. College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Chen Chen

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  1. Guo-yi Wang
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Correspondence to Mu-yi Kang.

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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11629-016-3837-2.

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Wang, Gy., Zhao, Mf., Kang, My. et al. Diurnal and seasonal variation of the elevation gradient of air temperature in the northern flank of the western Qinling Mountain range, China. J. Mt. Sci. 14, 94–105 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-016-4107-z

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