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Time-delayed influence of urban landscape change on the susceptibility of koalas to chlamydiosis

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Abstract

Context

Infectious diseases are important in the dynamics of many wildlife populations, but there is limited understanding of how landscape change influences susceptibility to disease.

Objectives

We aimed to quantify the time-delayed influence of spatial and temporal components of landscape change and climate variability on the prevalence of chlamydiosis in koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in southeast Queensland, Australia.

Methods

We used data collected over 14 years (n = 9078 records) from a koala hospital along with time-lagged measures of landscape change and rainfall to conduct spatial and temporal analyses of the influence of landscape and environmental variables on prevalence of chlamydiosis and koala body condition.

Results

Areas with more suitable habitat were associated with higher levels of disease prevalence and better body condition, indicating that koalas were less likely to be impacted by chlamydiosis. More intact landscapes with higher proportions of total habitat are associated with a reduction in prevalence of chlamydiosis and a decrease in body condition. Increased annual rainfall contributed to a decrease in prevalence of chlamydiosis and an increase in body condition. Urbanization was associated with an increase in disease, however the effects of urban landscape change and climate variability on chlamydiosis may not manifest until several years later when overt disease impacts the population via effects upon body condition and reproductive success.

Conclusions

Our study highlights the importance of effects of landscape change and climate variability on disease prevalence in wildlife. This recognition is essential for long-term conservation planning, especially as disease often interacts with other threats.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage Protection for funding this study. Many thanks to Hawthorne Beyer, Harriet Preece and Chris Moon for their comments and edits. The input of three anonymous reviewers greatly improved the quality of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Landscape Ecology and Conservation Group, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Clive McAlpine, Grant Brearley, Jonathan Rhodes, Greg Baxter, Leonie Seabrook, Yan Liu & Manuelle Cottin

  2. Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Clive McAlpine, Jonathan Rhodes & Leonie Seabrook

  3. School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Adrian Bradley

  4. Office of Environment and Heritage NSW, PO Box 1967, Hurstville, NSW, 2220, Australia

    Daniel Lunney & Andrew G. Smith

  5. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Daniel Lunney

  6. Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Sunshine Coast, Australia

    Peter Timms

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  1. Clive McAlpine
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Correspondence to Leonie Seabrook.

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McAlpine, C., Brearley, G., Rhodes, J. et al. Time-delayed influence of urban landscape change on the susceptibility of koalas to chlamydiosis. Landscape Ecol 32, 663–679 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-016-0479-2

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