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Anti-inflammatory activity of the phenol rich fraction of Garcinia pedunculata Roxb (ex. Buch Ham): an in vitro and in vivo study

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Abstract

Garcinia pedunculata, a tropical plant found abundantly in the north-east region of India, has been used by many traditional healers for various gastrointestinal ailments. Studies are being carried out for the proper pharmacological identification of the compounds as well as the mode of action for the treatment of various diseases. In this study, phytochemistry of the fruit was evaluated, followed by a quantitative analysis of the total phenolic and flavonoid content of the methanolic crude extract as well as different fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). The fraction with the most potent flavonoid and phenolic content was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity using both in vitro and in vivo assays. The chloroform fraction of G. pedunculata fruit extract was found to have a substantial amount of phenols and flavonoids. This fraction inhibited the denaturation of BSA and significantly stabilized human RBC membrane compared to the standard drug Diclofenac sodium. The fraction also significantly reduced the formaldehyde-induced paw edema in mice and normalized the blood parameters. This study provides evidence that G. pedunculata fruit extract plays a critical role in anti-inflammatory activity, indicating that it can be a potential candidate for further investigation in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the University Grants Commission, New Delhi (India) for providing Savitribai Jyotirao Phule Single Girl Child fellowship (UGCES-22-OB-ASS-F-SJSGC-1030) to Ms. Kasturi Dutta. The authors also thank the Government of India's Department of Biotechnology (DBT) for allowing us to use resources from an on-going DBT Builder project (Grant No. BT/INF/22/SP45376/2022).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Guwahati-01, Assam, India

    Kasturi Dutta, Akalesh Kumar Verma, Munmi Gogoi, Mary Devi & Namram Sushindrajit Singh

  2. Department of Anthropology, Cotton University, Guwahati-01, Assam, India

    Maishnam Rustam Singh

Authors
  1. Kasturi Dutta
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  2. Akalesh Kumar Verma
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  3. Munmi Gogoi
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  4. Mary Devi
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  5. Maishnam Rustam Singh
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  6. Namram Sushindrajit Singh
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Contributions

KD performed the experiments and drafted the manuscript; AKV and NSS conceived the idea of the work followed by statistical analysis, interpretation of results and edited final manuscript; MG and MD collect the plant samples and processed; MRS collected the blood samples and analyzed. All the authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Namram Sushindrajit Singh.

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All the authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

The use of mice and the collection of sample protocols for the present study were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (16/IAEC/CU/05/01/2021). The use of human sample for the present study was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee for human research (CU/ACA/ETHICS/2018/08) of Cotton University.

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Dutta, K., Verma, A.K., Gogoi, M. et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of the phenol rich fraction of Garcinia pedunculata Roxb (ex. Buch Ham): an in vitro and in vivo study. Inflammopharmacol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-024-01484-1

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