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The effects of silymarin consumption on inflammation and oxidative stress in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

Owing to the rich phytochemical content of Silymarin, it may effectively manage inflammation and oxidative stress. We, therefore, aimed to examine the existing evidence on the effect of Silymarin consumption on inflammation and oxidative stress factors by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Methods

A systematic literature search up to September 2023 was completed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify eligible RCTs. Heterogeneity tests of the selected trials were performed using the I2 statistic. Random effects models were assessed based on the heterogeneity tests, and pooled data were determined as weighted mean differences with a 95% confidence interval.

Results

Fifteen RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Our findings showed that Silymarin consumption significantly decreased CRP (WMD, − 0.50 mg/L; 95% CI, (− 0.95 to − 0.04); p = 0.03), MDA (WMD, − 1.19 nmol/mL; 95% CI, (− 1.99 to − 0.38); p = 0.004), and IL-6 (WMD, − 0.44 pg/ml; 95% CI, (− 0.75 to − 0.12); p = 0.006). Silymarin consumption had no significant effects on IL-10, TAC, and GSH. A significant non-linear relationship was observed between the duration of the intervention and MDA changes.

Conclusions

Silymarin can help reduce inflammation in patients with diabetes and thalassemia by reducing MDA as an oxidative stress marker and CRP and IL-6 as inflammatory markers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Mostafa Shahraki Jazinaki

  2. Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Mostafa Shahraki Jazinaki

  3. Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran

    Mohammad Rashidmayvan

  4. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Shaghayegh Taheri

  5. Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Amini

  6. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Amini

  7. Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mahsa Malekahmadi

  8. Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Hossein Bahari

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H.B. Conceived and designed the research. H.B. and Sh.T performed screening and data extraction. M.R.A. and H.B. analyzed data. M.Sh.J and M.R. drafted the manuscript. H.B. and M.M. revised the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mahsa Malekahmadi.

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Bahari, H., Shahraki Jazinaki, M., Rashidmayvan, M. et al. The effects of silymarin consumption on inflammation and oxidative stress in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Inflammopharmacol 32, 949–963 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01423-6

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