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A story of the potential effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Parkinson’s disease: beneficial or detrimental effects

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Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an advanced neurodegenerative disease (NDD) caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the substantia nigra (SN). As PD is an age-related disorder, the majority of PD patients are associated with musculoskeletal disorders with prolonged use of analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Therefore, NSAIDs can affect PD neuropathology in different ways. Thus, the objective of the present narrative review was to clarify the potential role of NSAIDs in PD according to the assorted view of preponderance. Inhibition of neuroinflammation and modulation of immune response by NSAIDs could be an effective way in preventing the development of NDD. NSAIDs affect PD neuropathology in different manners could be beneficial or detrimental effects. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) by NSAIDs may prevent the development of PD. NSAIDs afforded a neuroprotective role against the development and progression of PD neuropathology through the  modulation of neuroinflammation. Though, NSAIDs may lead to neutral or harmful effects by inhibiting neuroprotective prostacyclin (PGI2) and accentuation of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes (LTs). In conclusion, there is still a potential conflict regarding the effect of NSAIDs on PD neuropathology.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at Shaqra University for supporting this work.

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  1. Mohammed Alrouji and Hayder M. Al-Kuraishy have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed Alrouji

  2. Professor in Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyiah University, M.B.Ch.B, FRCP, Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq

    Hayder M. Al-Kuraishy & Ali I. Al-Gareeb

  3. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matrouh, 51744, Egypt

    Hebatallah M. Saad

  4. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, AlBeheira, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt

    Gaber El-Saber Batiha

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HMA and AIA: Conceptualization, data collection, and writing of the manuscript. MA, HMS, and GEB: Writing, figures preparation, supervision and editing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Alrouji, M., Al-Kuraishy, H.M., Al-Gareeb, A.I. et al. A story of the potential effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Parkinson’s disease: beneficial or detrimental effects. Inflammopharmacol 31, 673–688 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01192-2

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