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Secondary compost products improved tomato production via regulating primary/secondary metabolism and hormone signal interaction

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Abstract

The secondary compost products (SCP), originated from secondary composting process of the agriculture organic waste fermentation CO2 enrichment devices, can promote tomato plants growth, yield and fruit quality, while reducing the emission of greenhouse gas and organic wastes to the environment, which contributing to the building of carbon neutral and peak. However, the molecular mechanisms and metabolic pathways by which tomato plants responses to SCP treated soil are unknown. In this case, leaf metabolome and transcriptome were compared in the tomato plants grown under SCP, chemical fertilizer (CF) and organic fertilizer (OF). Results showed that SCP application improved primary metabolism especially TCA cycle, carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and also enhanced secondary metabolism especially phenylpropanoid metabolism in tomato leaves when compared with that of CF. Meanwhile, SCP induced significantly down-regulation in ethylene-related genes, while up-regulation in jasmonic acid and gibberellin related genes, which together with the increase of Jasmonate ZIM-domain protein and decrease of DELLA protein endow good balance between growth and environment adaptation ability of plants under SCP treatment. Our findings provide an insight into the molecular and metabolomic response to SCP treated tomato plants for the first time, contributing to the construction of climate-smart agriculture.

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Funding

This research was supported by National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2015BAC02B03).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China

    Pengfei Hao, Chengwei Qiu, Yi Wu, Wenxing Liu & Feibo Wu

  2. Institute of Crops and Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China

    Pengfei Hao & Shuijin Hua

  3. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P.R. China

    Chengwei Qiu & Yi Wu

  4. College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China

    Wenxing Liu

  5. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Fosøgsvej 1, Slagelse, DK-4200, Denmark

    Eva Vincze

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  1. Pengfei Hao
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Contributions

FBW planned and designed the research. PFH, CWQ, YW and WL performed experiments. PFH, FBW and SH analyzed data. PFH wrote the manuscript. FBW Supplied resources, reviewed and validated the manuscript. FBW, SH, EV, and PFH revised the manuscript with contribution from all authors.

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Correspondence to Shuijin Hua.

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Communicated by Dali Zeng.

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Supplementary Material 1

Table S1 Dose of base fertilizer application in each treatment.

Table S2 Primers sequences used in this study.

Table S3 Differential expressed primary metabolites of tomato leaves under SCP and OF compared with CF.

Table S4 Co-differentially expressed genes of tomato leaves in SCP and OF compared with CF.

Fig. S1 Principal component analysis (PCA) of metabolites (A) and transcripts (B) in tomato leaves.

Fig. S2 Pathway classification of KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Fig. S3 Changes in metabolites mapped to TCA cycle.

Fig. S4 Overview of the metabolites mapped to each secondary metabolism pathway.

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Hao, P., Qiu, C., Wu, Y. et al. Secondary compost products improved tomato production via regulating primary/secondary metabolism and hormone signal interaction. Plant Growth Regul 102, 167–178 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-023-00990-6

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