Abstract
Drawing on evolutionary realism as a guiding framework and using relevant theoretical bases at macro- (country-), meso- (industry-), and micro- (firm-) levels, we investigate the relative variance explained by each level on selection (non-economic performance) and retention (decertification) of Benefit Corporations (B-Corps). Based on a sample of 5052 observations of certified B-Corps and 1403 observations of decertified B-Corps, relative to the country and industry differences, firm-level differences explain most of the variance in non-economic performance, especially for workers and community impact areas. Industry-level differences explain small differences in customers and environmental performance while country differences do not explain meaningful performance differences. The results also show a similar pattern in relative effects for decertified B-Corps. Our findings point to the value of disaggregating the relative effects of multilevel factors in further understanding drivers of non-economic performance and the decertification of B-Corps.
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Pankaj C. Patel and C. S. Richard Chan contributed equally to this work.
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Patel, P.C., Chan, C.S.R. Non-economic Performance of Benefit Corporations: A Variance Decomposition Approach. J Bus Ethics 178, 355–376 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04754-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04754-y