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Nano-curcumin versus curcumin in amelioration of deltamethrin-induced hippocampal damage

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Abstract

We aimed to prove that oxidative stress is the main mechanism responsible for hippocampal neurotoxicity induced by deltamethrin (DLM). The protective role of curcumin (CMN) and nano-curcumin (NCMN) over this toxicity was studied. The rats were categorized into four groups: control, DLM, CMN and NCMN. The study continued for 30 days. Hippocampus was processed for histological, biochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Caspase-3, glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured for DLM-induced oxidative stress (increased MDA by 354%/decreased GSH by 61%, SOD by 61%, CAT 57%). Oxidative stress induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons through increasing Nrf2, gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase heavy subunit (GCS-HS) and light subunit (GCS-LS) and decreasing AChE. It increases the activity of astrocytes through increasing GFAP. Finally, oxidative stress has a bad impaction on cognitive function. Improvement of oxidative stress was observed with use of CMN and NCMN (decrease of MDA/increase of GSH, SOD, CAT). The level of Nrf2, GCS-HS and GCS-LS decreased, while AChE, GFAP increased. Improvement of cognitive function was observed in both groups. In conclusion, oxidative stress is the common mechanism responsible for DLM-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity. It exerts apoptosis of hippocampal neurons through increasing Nrf2, HS-GCS, LS-GCS and decreasing AChE. In addition, it activates astrocytes through increasing expression of GFAP. The protective role of CMN and CMMN is related to their potent antioxidant effect. Much improvement has been detected with NCMN as compared to CMN.

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Acknowledgements

To all my colleagues who supported me during this work.

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  1. Sherif Mohamed Zaki

    Present address: Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

  2. Fatma M. Ghoneim

    Present address: Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

  3. Waleed Ahmed Abd Algaleel, Reda Abdelnasser Imam & Ghada F. Soliman

    Present address: Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Sherif Mohamed Zaki, Waleed Ahmed Abd Algaleel & Reda Abdelnasser Imam

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Ghada F. Soliman

  3. Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Fatma M. Ghoneim

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Zaki, S.M., Algaleel, W.A.A., Imam, R.A. et al. Nano-curcumin versus curcumin in amelioration of deltamethrin-induced hippocampal damage. Histochem Cell Biol 154, 157–175 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-020-01871-z

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