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PET/CT features discriminate risk of metastasis among single-bone FDG lesions detected in newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer patients

  • Oncology
  • Published:
European Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

We investigated the capacity of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT features for stratifying probability of metastasis for single-bone FDG lesions in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

Subjects were 118 newly diagnosed NSCLC patients with a solitary bone FDG lesion and no evidence of other distant metastasis based on PET/CT, brain MRI, and contrast-enhanced chest CT. Bone lesion SUVmax and CT findings, primary tumor SUVmax, clinical T stage, and N stage were analyzed.

Results

The bone lesions were determined by biopsy, characteristic MRI findings and clinical follow-up to be metastatic in 33 (28.0%) and benign in 85 cases (72.0%). A cutoff bone SUVmax of 4.3 showed good diagnostic performance (81.8% sensitivity, 84.7% specificity, and 83.9% accuracy), but there was considerable overlap. Bone lesion PET/CT features of SUVmax ≤ 2, osteosclerotic rim or fracture correctly diagnosed 20/20 benign, while SUVmax > 10, soft-tissue mass or bone destruction correctly diagnosed 18/18 metastatic cases. In the remaining 80 cases, bone features of SUVmax > 4.3 and osteolytic change, and lung tumor features of SUVmax > 6.4, ≥ T2 stage (n = 70), and ≥ N1 stage (n = 43) favored metastasis. The presence of one or less of these features correctly diagnosed 38/38 benign, while the presence of four or more features correctly diagnosed 5/5 metastatic cases. The 37 cases with two or three features had either benign (n = 27) or metastatic bone disease (n = 10).

Conclusion

Combining bone lesion and lung tumor PET/CT features can help stratify risk of bone metastasis in these patients.

Key Points

• In NSCLC with a single-bone FDG lesion, lesion SUVmaxis useful for differential diagnosis.

• CT features of the single-bone FDG lesions provide additional diagnostic value.

• High NSCLC SUVmax, greater T stage, and FDG positive nodes also favor metastasis.

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Abbreviations

AUC:

Area under the curve

FDG:

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

NSCLC:

Non-small-cell lung cancer

PET/CT:

Positron-emission tomography/computed tomography

ROC:

Receiver operating characteristic

SUVmax :

Maximum standard uptake value

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Funding

This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning (NRF-2015R1A2A2A01006419 and 2016R1C1B2013411).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea

    Chae Hong Lim, Seung Hwan Moon, Young Seok Cho, Joon Young Choi, Byung-Tae Kim & Kyung-Han Lee

  2. Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea

    Tae Ran Ahn

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  1. Chae Hong Lim
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Correspondence to Kyung-Han Lee.

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The scientific guarantor of this publication is Kyung-Han Lee.

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The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

Statistics and biometry

No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.

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Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.

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Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.

Methodology

• Retrospective

• Diagnostic or prognostic study

• Performed at one institution

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Lim, C.H., Ahn, T.R., Moon, S.H. et al. PET/CT features discriminate risk of metastasis among single-bone FDG lesions detected in newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Eur Radiol 29, 1903–1911 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5764-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5764-9

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