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MALDI matrices for low molecular weight compounds: an endless story?

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Abstract

Since its introduction in the 1980s, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) has gained a prominent role in the analysis of high molecular weight biomolecules such as proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, and polysaccharides. Its application to low molecular weight compounds has remained for long time challenging due to the spectral interferences produced by conventional organic matrices in the low m/z window. To overcome this problem, specific sample preparation such as analyte/matrix derivatization, addition of dopants, or sophisticated deposition technique especially useful for imaging experiments, have been proposed. Alternative approaches based on second generation (rationally designed) organic matrices, ionic liquids, and inorganic matrices, including metallic nanoparticles, have been the object of intense and continuous research efforts. Definite evidences are now provided that MALDI MS represents a powerful and invaluable analytical tool also for small molecules, including their quantification, thus opening new, exciting applications in metabolomics and imaging mass spectrometry. This review is intended to offer a concise critical overview of the most recent achievements about MALDI matrices capable of specifically address the challenging issue of small molecules analysis.

An ideal Book of matrices for MALDI MS of small molecules

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the project PONa3 00395/1 “BIOSCIENZE & SALUTE (B&H)” of the Ministero Italiano per l’Istruzione, l’Università e la Ricerca (MIUR).

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  1. Cosima Damiana Calvano

    Present address: Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università deHelleurli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy

  2. Antonio Monopoli

    Present address: Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli Ufficio di Bari, Corso de Tullio, 1, 70100, Bari, Italy

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale S.M.A.R.T. c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy

    Cosima Damiana Calvano, Antonio Monopoli, Tommaso R. I. Cataldi & Francesco Palmisano

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  1. Cosima Damiana Calvano
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Correspondence to Cosima Damiana Calvano.

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Calvano, C.D., Monopoli, A., Cataldi, T.R.I. et al. MALDI matrices for low molecular weight compounds: an endless story?. Anal Bioanal Chem 410, 4015–4038 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1014-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1014-x

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