Abstract
The order Rhodocyclales, phylogenetically affiliated with the Betaproteobacteria, currently (April, 2012) consists of a single family, the Rhodocyclaceae, with 18 genera (Rhodocyclus [type genus], Azoarcus, Azonexus, Azospira, Azovibrio, Dechloromonas, Dechlorobacter, Denitratisoma, Ferribacterium, Georgfuchsia, Methyloversatilis, Propionivibrio, Quatrionicoccus, Sterolibacterium, Sulfuritalea, Thauera, Uliginosibacterium, and Zoogloea), and a total of 45 species. Members of the order display many different modes of living: There are anoxygenic photoheterotrophs; plant-associated nitrogen-fixing aerobes, species that degrade a wide range of carbon sources including many aromatic compounds, using oxygen, nitrate, chlorate, perchlorate, selenate, and other electron acceptors; and sulfur-oxidizing chemoautotrophs, methylotrophs, and anaerobes that perform propionic acid fermentation. These highly disparate organisms are classified within a single family solely on the basis of 16S rRNA phylogeny. Representatives have been isolated from diverse environments: soil; sewage treatment plants; polluted and unpolluted waters of ponds, rivers, and aquifers; and plant roots. Some aromatic compound-degrading members have considerable potential for biodegradation of organic waste material and bioremediation of polluted environments.
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Oren, A. (2014). The Family Rhodocyclaceae. In: Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E.F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E., Thompson, F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_292
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