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Noninflammatory Tumor-Like Changes of the Gallbladder

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Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract

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Abstract

The gallbladder can be subject to an entire spectrum of noninflammatory tumor-like changes. A typical example is cholesterolosis of the gallbladder, defined by a mucosal lesion characterized by accumulation of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides in foamy macrophages. Multiple mucosal yellowish to white lesions produce a macroscopically striking lesion termed strawberry gallbladder. Large accumulations of foamy cells give rise to cholesterol polyps that may protrude into the gallbladder lumen and mimic a neoplastic polyp. These polyps may undergo ulceration followed by secondary inflammatory changes. The adipose tissue situated around the gallbladder can undergo steatonecrosis followed by formation of numerous lipogranulomas. The gallbladder is rarely involved with malakoplakia, a reactive lesion more commonly occurring in the urogenital tract. Gallbladder malakoplakia presents in the form of yellowish plaques or nodules and histologically consists of large macrophages with distinct calcifications, the Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. The gallbladder is the site of endometriosis, endometrioma, several types of metaplasia, and tissue ectopias, whereby misplaced pancreatic tissue is the most common variant.

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    Arthur Zimmermann

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Zimmermann, A. (2017). Noninflammatory Tumor-Like Changes of the Gallbladder. In: Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26956-6_159

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