Overview
- Includes basic physics and techniques which are really used in practice such as Encapsulation and Degradation
- Authors are selected from huge variety of research backgrounds in academia and industry
- Introduces experimental measurement data and simulations
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Table of contents (23 entries)
About this book
The remarkable advances in the performance of OLEDs reported these days are mainly due to the improvement of organic material design and the enhancement of light extraction. In the first two chapters of this handbook, device and material design strategies aimed at high-performance OLEDs suitable for low power consumption and highly durable applications are addressed. The latest advancements in molecular design are also discussed, including state-of-the-art “thermally-activated delayed fluorescence” technology, which employs a novel concept to move “forbidden” triplet exciton energy back to a singlet state so that 100% internal quantum efficiency can be achieved.
For optimized electrical properties and light emission, OLEDs are normally composed of several layers, each of which plays a different part, such as a hole-injection layer, hole-transport layer, emission layer and electron-transport layer. The design requirements of organic molecules suitable for each layer are discussed.
To manufacture OLEDs, several key technologies are being pursued. The most popular method is vacuum evaporation, which is used in nearly all of the OLED products currently on the market. Several technologies that could improve manufacturing yield and lower processing costs, such as inkjet and roll-to-roll printing, have been proposed and are being actively developed. These device fabrication methodologies are discussed and weighed in terms of their advantages and disadvantages.
The main applications for OLEDs are displays and lighting. Display designs for active-matrix driving and passive-matrix driving, as well as in-pixel and out-pixel compensation, which eliminatesluminous non-uniformity, are discussed, along with an analysis of TFT backplane technologies.
The lighting chapter focuses on the principles and advances made in tandem OLEDs comprised of multiple devices in a single stack, which can significantly extend device lifetime. Also, light extraction technology that has boosted OLED efficiency to nearly that of inorganic LEDs is discussed. The subsequent chapter addresses the hot topic of flexible OLED displays and lighting. As the devices are very sensitive to atmospheric moisture, the high-performance barrier films necessary for implementing practical flexible devices are covered.
Organic devices were originally thought to be limited by device lifetimes shorter than those of their inorganic counterparts. However, a white OLED device with a lifetime of tens of thousands of hours has already been reported, which is very close to the lifetime of inorganic LEDs. In closing, the latest degradation mechanism studies on OLEDs are presented,revealing both our current understanding of degradation and the challenges that remain for further improving device lifetimes.
Editors and Affiliations
About the editors
Reiji Hattori is a professor at the Global Innovation Center, Kyushu University. His work mainly involves technologies of OLED display, electronics paper, touch sensor panel and wireless power transmission. He received his M.S. and B.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Osaka University, Japan, in 1988 and 1986, respectively. He became a research associate at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Osaka University, in 1989 and received his Ph.D. degree from the same university in 1992. He moved to Kyushu University,Fukuoka, Japan, as an associate professor in 1997 and he was promoted to professor in 2009. He is a member of SID, IEEE, IEICE and JSAP. He was awarded Distinguished Paper of SID ’04.
Hironori Kaji is a professor at Kyoto University. He received his Ph.D in inorganic chemistry from Kyoto University in 1994. After his Ph.D, he joined the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, as an assistant professor, and was appointed an associate professor and full professor in 2003 and 2009, respectively. He was a visiting scientist of the University of Massachusetts from 1998 to 1999 and was a research fellow of Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency from 2002 to 2006. His research interests include fabrications of organic light-emitting diodes, organic and perovskite solar cells, synthesis for device fabrications, development of advanced solid-state NMR methodologies for analysis, and quantum chemical calculations.
Takatoshi Tsujimura is a Konica Minolta Fellow and general manager of OLED business, Konica Minolta Inc. He received his Bachelor of Science and Ph.D. in materials science and engineering from the University of Tokyo and Tokyo Institute of Technology, respectively. He worked at IBM Japan for TFT-LCD development and was selected as one of the "10 best engineers/researchers in 10 best Japanese companies" by Nikkei Electronics Magazine. He demonstrated OLED's capability for large TV and received the SID Special Recognition Award in 2008. He moved to Kodak as a director and developed 100% NTSC white + color filter OLED display, which has become the industry standard for OLED-TV. He is currently a Konica Minolta Fellow and general manager of OLED business, Konica Minolta Inc. He received the SID Fellow Award in 2013. He is an SID executive and served as a SID Japan chapter chair in past. He holds 144 patents worldwide.
Bibliographic Information
Book Title: Handbook of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Editors: Chihaya Adachi, Reiji Hattori, Hironori Kaji, Takatoshi Tsujimura
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55761-6
Publisher: Springer Tokyo
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Physics and Astronomy, Reference Module Physical and Materials Science, Reference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics
eBook ISBN: 978-4-431-55761-6Due: 07 July 2022
Number of Pages: 850
Number of Illustrations: 150 b/w illustrations
Topics: Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices, Optical and Electronic Materials, Organic Chemistry, Applied and Technical Physics, Electrical Engineering