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Optimization of free chlorine, electric and current efficiency in an electrochemical reactor for water disinfection purposes by RSM

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Abstract

This study surveys the possibility to optimally produce active chlorine from synthetic saline solutions using electrolysis by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Various operating parameters, such as sodium chloride concentration, electrical potential and electrolysis time were evaluated. Central composite design (CCD) was applied to determine the optimal experimental factors for chlorine production. The experimental design, statistical analysis of the data and optimization were performed using R 3.5.3 software. The results showed that the optimum value of electrical efficiency (42 mg Cl2/kj) was obtained at the electrical voltage of 15.73 V during 15.63 min in the presence of 63.42 g/l of sodium chloride. The optimum point for current efficiency was 38.40%, which was obtained at the electrical voltage of 10.76 V during 6.70 min in the presence of 34.65 g/l of sodium chloride. Moreover, generated active chlorine was optimized based on energy consumption, which was 77 mg/l for the energy consumption of 0.2 kWh/l at a current density of 2000 mA/cm2. The electrochemical production of the chlorine gas from saline or brine water can be extensively used for water disinfection.

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Acknowledgments

This study has been funded by the Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Grant Number: 97-03-61-39600). The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the mentioned center. Also, we appreciate the collaboration of the Department of Environmental Health Engineering Laboratories of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maziar Naderi & Simin Nasseri

  2. Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maziar Naderi

  3. Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Health Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Simin Nasseri

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  1. Maziar Naderi
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  2. Simin Nasseri
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Correspondence to Simin Nasseri.

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Highlights

• Without lowering pH to below 2 and using low-cost and available graphite electrodes, active chlorine was formed in significant amounts

• The electrochemical production of free chlorine follows a first order model

• The results of this study led to the construction of two portable devices producing chlorine gas for water disinfection

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Naderi, M., Nasseri, S. Optimization of free chlorine, electric and current efficiency in an electrochemical reactor for water disinfection purposes by RSM. J Environ Health Sci Engineer 18, 1343–1350 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00551-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00551-3

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