Abstract
The electrical characteristics of hybrid super capacitor were evaluated by synthesizing LTO (Li4Ti5O12) using TiO2 having a hydrogen titanate nanowire form. Preparation of the hydrogen titanate nanowire was implemented by using TiO2 having size of 60 nm and NaOH, and performing synthesis at 70 °C for 6 h with a sonochemical method. LTO compound was synthesized at 150 °C for 36 h and at 180 °C for 36 h respectively by using the hydrogen titanate nanowire and LiOH·H2O as starting materials with a hydrothermal method. The final LTO compound was synthesized at 700 °C for 6 h using a solid-state method. As a result of manufacturing the hybrid super capacitor using LTO synthesized at 180 °C for 36 h with the hydrothermal method, a capacity of 198 mA·h/g has been achieved compared to a theoretical capacity of 172 mA·h/g of existing LTO, and thus, the capacity has been increased by about 13%. Further, such excellent cycle performance has ensured its possibility as a high-capacity capacitor.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Lee B-G, Yoon J-R. Preparation and characteristics of Li4Ti5O12 anode material for hybrid supercapacitor. J Electr Eng Technol 2012, 7: 207–211.
Frackowiak E, Béguin F. Carbon materials for the electrochemical storage of energy in capacitors. Carbon 2001, 39: 937–950.
Zaghib K, Armand M, Gauthier M. Electrochemistry of anodes in solid-state Li-ion polymer batteries. J Electrochem Soc 1998, 145: 3135–3140.
Ferg E, Gummow RJ, de Kock A, et al. Spinel anodes for lithium-ion batteries. J Electrochem Soc 1994, 141: L147–L150.
Kim J, Cho J. Spinel Li4Ti5O12 nanowires for high-rate Li-ion intercalation electrode. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 2007, 10: A81–A84.
Xing W, Qiao SZ, Ding RG, et al. Superior electric double layer capacitors using ordered mesoporous carbons. Carbon 2006, 44: 216–224.
Amatucci GG, Badway F, Du Pasquier A, et al. An asymmetric hybrid nonaqueous energy storage cell. J Electrochem Soc 2001, 148: A930–A939.
Colbow KM, Dahn JR, Haering RR. Structure and electrochemistry of the spinel oxides LiTi2O4 and Li4/3Ti5/3O4. J Power Sources 1989, 26: 397–402.
Ohzuku T, Ueda A, Yamamoto N. Zero-strain insertion material of Li[Li1/3Ti5/3]O4 for rechargeable lithium cells. J Electrochem Soc 1995, 142: 1431–1435.
Yuan T, Cai R, Ran R, et al. A mechanisim study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 from TiO2 anatase. J Alloys Compd 2010, 505: 367–373.
Bavykin DV, Friedrich JM, Walsh FC. Protonated titanates and TiO2 nanostructured materials: Synthesis, properties, and applications. Adv Mater 2006, 18: 2807–2824.
Li J, Tang Z, Zhang Z. Controllable formation and electrochemical properties of one-dimensional nanostructured spinel Li4Ti5O12. Electrochem Commun 2005, 7: 894–899.
Sun X, Li Y. Synthesis and characterization of ion exchangeable titanate nanotubes. Chem-Eur J 2003, 9: 2229–2238.
Du Pasquier A, Laforgue A, Simon P. Li4Ti5O12/poly(methyl)thiophene asymmetric hybrid electrochemical device. J Power Sources 2004, 125: 95–102.
Ju SH, Kang YC. Effects of preparation conditions on the electrochemical and morphological characteristics of Li4Ti5O12 powderss prepared by spray pyrolyis. J Power Sources 2009, 189: 185–190.
Stoller MD, Murali S, Quarles N, et al. Activated graphene as a cathode material for Li-ion hybrid supercapacitors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012, 14: 3388–3391.
Ni J, Yang L, Wang H, et al. A high-performance hybrid supercapacitor with Li4Ti5O12-C nano-composite prepared by in situ and ex situ carbon modification. J Solid State Electr 2012, 16: 2791–2796.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, J.H., Yoon, J.R. Preparation and characterization of Li4Ti5O12 synthesized using hydrogen titanate nanowire for hybrid super capacitor. J Adv Ceram 2, 285–290 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-013-0073-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-013-0073-x