Abstract
Background:
This study investigates the effects of a neuropeptide, secretoneurin (SN), on bone regeneration in an experimental mouse model.
Methods:
The effects of SN on cell proliferation, osteoblast marker genes expression, and mineralization were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and alizarin red S staining, respectively. To examine the effects of SN on bone regeneration in vivo, bone defects were created in the calvaria of ICR mice, and 0.5 or 1 µg/ml SN was applied. New bone formation was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histology. New blood vessel formation was assessed by CD34 immunohistochemistry.
Results:
SN had no significant effect on proliferation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells. However, SN partially induced the gene expression of osteoblast differentiation markers such as runt-related transcription factor 2, alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I alpha 1, and osteopontin. A significant increase of bone regeneration was observed in SN treated calvarial defects. The bone volume (BV), BV/tissue volume, trabecular thickness and trabecular number values were significantly increased in the collagen sponge plus 0.5 or 1 µg/ml SN group (p < 0.01) compared with the control group. Histologic analysis also revealed increased new bone formation in the SN-treated groups. Immunohistochemical staining of CD34 showed that the SN-treated groups contained more blood vessels compared with control in the calvarial defect area.
Conclusion:
SN increases new bone and blood vessel formation in a calvarial defect site. This study suggests that SN may enhance new bone formation through its potent angiogenic activity.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (NRF-2017R1A5A2015391), and the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the NRF, which was funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (2017M3A9E4047244).
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F. A. and E. K. P. designed the research and wrote the manuscript; F. A., H. J. I., J. A. K., J. L., S. L., and S.‐H. N. performed the experiments and analyzed the results; F. A., H. J. I., Y. C. B. and E. K. P. analyzed the data and revised the manuscript; and E. K. P. supervised the project.
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Animal experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines approved by Kyungpook National University (No. 2018–0153).
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Assefa, F., Lim, J., Kim, JA. et al. Secretoneurin, a Neuropeptide, Enhances Bone Regeneration in a Mouse Calvarial Bone Defect Model. Tissue Eng Regen Med 18, 315–324 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-020-00304-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-020-00304-1