Abstract
The present study describes the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity of sulfonated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and sulfonated single-walled carbon nanotubes in the tert-butylation of p-cresol. The catalysts were prepared using a chemical and simple process and it characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and acid–base titration. The sulfonated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and sulfonated single-walled carbon nanotubes have been used as practical heterogeneous catalytic systems in the tert-butylation of p-cresol under solvent-free conditions. Sulfonated multi-walled carbon nanotubes with the highest total density of SO3H groups possessed high activity for p-cresol conversion and high selectivity than the sulfonated single-walled carbon nanotubes. This methodology offers some advantages of high selectivity, and high yields, easy work-up, solvent-free conditions, and reusable catalyst. Moreover, the catalytic system was used in scale-up under similar optimized reaction conditions.
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Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support by Malek-Ashtar University of Technology (MUT). We thank Dr. Rashidi in Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) for useful help.
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Fareghi-Alamdari, R., Golestanzadeh, M., Zekri, N. et al. Multi SO3H supported on carbon nanotubes: a practical, reusable, and regioselective catalysts for the tert-butylation of p-cresol under solvent-free conditions. J IRAN CHEM SOC 12, 537–549 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0511-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0511-x