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Legumes for feed, food, biomaterials and bioenergy in Europe: a review

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Abstract

Legume growing has many benefits. Indeed legumes provide plant proteins for animal feed and human food. Legumes fix atmospheric N2 and, in turn, provide cheap and green N fertilisers. Additionally, legumes are used as diversification crops in rotations based on oilseed rape and cereals. Despite those benefits, legume crops in Europe represent less than 4 % of arable lands, and European legume seeds are underused for animal and human nutrition. Nonetheless, European authorities are now fostering the development of legume crops for sustainable agriculture. Here, we analyse forage and grain legume-producing systems since 1950 in order to identify the actual constraints of legume development. We show that legumes can contribute to the agroecological transition for sustainable agriculture, food and energy and for sustainable agri-food systems. Then, we point out that high added-value niche markets are required for supporting legume production. The major research needs identified are (1) analysing the constraints of the current systems and identifying ways of moving towards systems that include more legumes, (2) identifying new and diversified uses for legumes in a sustainable food chain, (3) assessing and improving the ecosystem services provided by legumes at cropping system and territory scales and (4) promoting agroecology through and for legume crop management.

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Acknowledgments

This papers brings about the main conclusions of the wokshop that was held in Dijon, France, on 27–28 September 2011 and entitled “Atelier de réflexion pour un renouvellement des questions de recherche sur les légumineuses: du gène à la filière” (in English: “brainstorming workshop on the renewal of research questions on legumes: from gene to supply chain”). The authors therefore thank all the participants for the fruitful discussion during this workshop. Our grateful thanks are also due to Jane Curtis-Williams for editing the English.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, BP 86510, F-21000, Dijon, France

    Anne-Sophie Voisin & Christophe Mougel

  2. INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44300, Nantes, France

    Jacques Guéguen

  3. INRA, Centre Poitou-Charentes, BP 6, F-86600, Lusignan, France

    Christian Huyghe

  4. INRA, UMR211 Agronomie, F-78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France

    Marie-Hélène Jeuffroy & Elise Pelzer

  5. INRA, UMR 1248 AGIR, BP 52627, F-31320, Castanet-Tolosan, France

    Marie-Benoit Magrini

  6. INRA, UAR1218 Département SAD, BP1, F-78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France

    Jean-Marc Meynard

  7. INRA, UMR 1220 TCEM, F-33883, Villenave d’Ornon, France

    Sylvain Pellerin

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  1. Anne-Sophie Voisin
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Correspondence to Anne-Sophie Voisin.

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Voisin, AS., Guéguen, J., Huyghe, C. et al. Legumes for feed, food, biomaterials and bioenergy in Europe: a review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 34, 361–380 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0189-y

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  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0189-y

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