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Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of penile inflammatory disorders in men aged between 30 and 49: a 5-year follow-up study

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International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aims

Diabetes can be an important cofactor in the development of penile inflammation. Here, we explored the association between penile inflammatory disorders and diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in the Taiwanese population, using a population-based data set.

Methods

The research data in this study were obtained from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between January 1997 and December 2010. We identified 12,819 patients who had a diagnosis of DM, and randomly matched 38,457 subjects as controls. The data were analyzed with Poisson regression analysis and with Cox regression with a frailty model after propensity score matching.

Results

DM (odd ratio (OR) = 1.43, p < 0.01), and age (OR = 0.71, p < 0.01), but not hyperlipidemia (OR = 0.96, p =0.36), or hypertension (OR = 1.09, p = 0.10) had an impact on the development of penile inflammatory disorders. DM was a risk factor associated with penile inflammatory disorder (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.27~1.68, p < 0.01), whereas no statistical difference was noted between penile inflammation and hypertension (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.89~1.09) and hyperlipidemia (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.92~1.14).

Conclusions

T2DM and younger age, but not hypertension or hyperlipidemia, were associated with an increased risk of penile inflammatory disorders in men between 30 and 49 years of age. Our findings suggest the need for preemptive circumcision for selective men with diabetes may prevent diabetes-associated penile inflammatory disorders.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to the license with Bureau of National Health Insurance, Taiwan (BNHI) and National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, the administrators of National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Abbreviations

BXO:

balanitis xerotica obliterans

CI:

confidence interval

DM:

diabetes mellitus

ED:

erectile dysfunction

HR:

Hazard Ratio

NHIRD:

National Health Insurance Research Database

OR:

Odds RatioT2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank En Chu Kong Hospital and Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, for their assistance with this research project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, En Chu Kong Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, New Taipei City, 23702, Taiwan

    Chung-Cheng Wang

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32023, Taiwan

    Chung-Cheng Wang

  3. Department of Accountancy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Ivy Wang

  4. Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City, 22061, Taiwan

    Yi-Horng Lai

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  1. Chung-Cheng Wang
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Contributions

CCW designed the study and wrote the study protocol. CCW, IW, and YHL were involved in the conception, design, analysis, and interpretation of the data, as well as the drafting and revision of the paper. All authors have approved the final version for publication and accept responsibility for all aspects of the work. CCW is the guarantor of this work.

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Correspondence to Yi-Horng Lai.

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Wang, CC., Wang, I. & Lai, YH. Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of penile inflammatory disorders in men aged between 30 and 49: a 5-year follow-up study. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 43, 267–273 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-022-01081-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-022-01081-4

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