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Multi-response Optimization of Process Parameters in Fabricating Al 2124/GO Metal Matrix Composite by Friction Stir Processing

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Abstract

Al 2124 composites are used in aerospace and automotive applications. Foreseeing its applications, it is necessary to examine the properties of Al 2124-reinforced graphene oxide (GO) synthesized by using friction stir processing (FSP). Enhanced properties of metal matrix composites (MMC) are highly dependent on the selection of processing parameters in FSP. Graphene oxide-reinforced MMC were fabricated using processing variants of tool geometry, tool rotation speed, tool transverse speed and quantity of GO using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The processing variants were optimized using desirability functional analysis (DFA) by considering multiple characteristic performance involving tensile strength and hardness. From the achieved results, optimal parameters have been identified through the highest value of composite desirability (\(d_G\)) acquired from DFA. Through Taguchi analysis, it was found that tool geometry had the least significance contrary to other factors. The predicted data closely matches the experimental results. Analysis of variance showed that the quantity of GO contributes significantly contrary to other factors. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the confirmation test showed homogeneous dispersion of a few-layer GO stacks throughout the metal matrix, while fracture studies using SEM showed small dimples indicating plastic deformation capability of Al 2124/GO composite. Besides, almost all fabricated composites were defect-free and also showed homogeneous dispersion of few-layer GO stack in the metal matrix.

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  1. Ahmed Abdullah Aafaq and H. Siddhi Jailani contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 100190, India

    Ahmed Abdullah Aafaq & H. Siddhi Jailani

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  1. Ahmed Abdullah Aafaq
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Correspondence to H. Siddhi Jailani.

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Aafaq, A.A., Jailani, H.S. Multi-response Optimization of Process Parameters in Fabricating Al 2124/GO Metal Matrix Composite by Friction Stir Processing. Arab J Sci Eng 48, 3647–3664 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-07247-w

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